Unit 1 Biology Test Review

1. In many biochemical processes, smaller molecules are assembled into larger ones. Which set of substances contains only molecules assembled from smaller organic compounds?

• proteins, starch, carbon dioxide, water

• proteins, DNA, fats, starch

• proteins, water, DNA, fats

• proteins, carbon dioxide, DNA, starch

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

A new food product is being distributed by a company. Researchers determine that the food product contains only carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. Which claim is best supported by the composition of the food product?

• It is made of proteins

• It is made of amino acids

• It is made of carbohydrates or fat.

• It is made of amino acids

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

How are proteins essential for the survival of organisms?

• they help remove body waste and regulate body temperature

• they promote normal growth and perform repairs to the body

• they convert sugars into energy that is used by the body

• they provide insulation and protect organs in the body

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Lipids and carbohydrates are dissimilar in that

• forming a variety of gametes that will pass on hereditary information

• producing the inorganic molecules needed for normal cell growth

• directing the synthesis of proteins necessary for proper cell function

• disrupting meiosis and the synthesis of amino acids into a sequence

The function of the nucleic acids contained in the body cells of an organism is

• directing the synthesis of proteins necessary for proper cell function

• producing the inorganic molecules needed for normal cell growth

• disrupting meiosis and the synthesis of amino acids into a sequence

• disrupting meiosis and the synthesis of amino acids into a sequence

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

The diagram shows an enzyme and four other molecules.

The enzyme has a specific shape. The shape of the enzyme and the molecules below it reveal that the job of an enzyme is to act

• only upon substrates that have been reshaped by other enzymes and other inorganic molecules

• only upon substrates that it complements

• upon all substrates it encounters

• upon substrates that it complements and to reshape substrates that it does not complement

Enzymes are sensitive to pH and temperature. If an enzyme's environment is too hot, the enzyme cannot

• develop flagella and move closer to a substrate

• stimulate other molecules to become substrates

• transform into a sugar that causes a reaction in a substrate

• bind to a substrate and cause a reaction in the substrate

Boyd was given a sample of an unknown substance made of one of the organic macromolecules and asked to determine the nature of the substance. He conducts a series of tests and determines that the substance can be broken down into amino acids, but can also break down proteins into amino acids. He also observes that the activity of the substance for breaking down proteins is specific to 25°C to 35°C; the substance is inactive outside of these temperatures. He also notes that the substance is active in stomach acid but not in water. To which of the following categories does this molecule belong?

• lipid

• nucleic acid

• polysaccharide

• enzyme

Control of most cellular functions comes from what part of the cell?

• flagellum

• cell membrane

• cell wall

• nucleus

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

The picture shows a type of cell with parts Q, R, S, and T labeled. Use the picture to answer the questions that follow.

• R, because it is a carbon molecule, which classifies this cell as eukaryotic

• Q, because it is free DNA, which classifies this cell as prokaryotic

• S, because it is cytoplasm, which classifies this cell as prokaryotic

• T, because it is a tail-like structure, which classifies this cell as eukaryotic

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-1