End of Year Living Environment Review

There are over 2000 kinds of edible insects in the world, and they are becoming an increasingly popular source of protein. One cup of cricket fl our contains over 28 grams of protein. The building blocks of the protein in cricket flour are

• amino acids

• water

• simple sugars

• carbohydrates

Which list contains only abiotic conditions that might be found in a pond ecosystem?

• temperature of the water, green plant populations, dissolved minerals in the water

• temperature of the water, dissolved oxygen in the water, dissolved minerals in the water

• bacteria, dissolved minerals in the water, temperature of the water

• dissolved oxygen in the water, fish populations, insect populations

Protein synthesis is accomplished primarily by the interaction of which two cell structures?

• vacuoles and mitochondria

• ribosomes and vacuoles

• nuclei and ribosomes

• nuclei and mitochondria

Identical twins were separated at birth and raised by two different families. Years later, one twin was a physically fit member of the cross-country team, and the other twin was overweight with slightly higher-than-normal blood pressure. The differences in these twins could be explained by the fact that

• the genes in the two individuals are completely different

• in twins, each individual inherits genes from only one parent

• the DNA bases in twins combine differently

• the environment can influence the expression of genes

The diagram shown represents various factors in an area. The diagram best represents:

• the recycling of energy in a forest community

• ecological succession after climatic changes

• competition for limited resources in a population

• the flow of materials in a forest community

Traits are passed from parents to offspring. These traits are determined by

• chromosomes, located on genes, found in the nucleus

• genes, located on chromosomes, found in the nucleus

• chromosomes, located on genes, found in the ribosomes

• genes, located on chromosomes, found in the ribosomes

In which cell structure is energy extracted from nutrients?

• chloroplast

• ribosome

• mitochondrion

• vacuole

Dodder plants consist of tangled masses of yellow, leafless vines and contain few chloroplasts. The vines twist around and grow into the stems of other plants and absorb water and nutrients from them. Which statement best describes this relationship?

• Dodder plants are parasitic, relying on host organisms for resources

• Dodder plants are decomposers, returning organic material back to the environment.

• Dodder plants are producers, while the other plants that they attach to are consumers.

• Dodder plants are consumers, transferring energy to other plants in the ecosystem.

Two kittens in a litter are genetically different from each other and from their parents. These genetic differences are most directly due to

• sexual reproduction

• asexual reproduction

• cloning

• evolution

A genetic change that occurs in a body cell of a mouse will not contribute to the evolution of the species because

• body cell mutations will cause the cell to die before it reproduces

• the evolution of a species can result from changes in reproductive cells, not body cells

• random changes are repaired by enzymes before they are passed on to offspring

• the evolution of a species is caused by natural selection, not genetic variation