Day 7 Biology ELT Extra Credit (SB2a,b, and c)

DNA fingerprinting would most likely be used to

• identify human age and lifespan.

• determine genetic relationships.

• diagnose different types of cancer.

• create genetically-identical species.

Translation of the DNA sequence AAGCTGGGA would result in

• an mRNA strand with the sequence TTCGACCCT.

• an mRNA strand with the sequence UUGCACCCU.

• a DNA strand with the base sequence TTCGACCCT.

• a sequence of three amino acids linked by peptide bonds.

All of the following EXCEPT the resistance of _________ demonstrate artificially selected resistance.

• beef cattle, to "shipping fever",

• many agricultural wheat varieties, to drought and fungus,

• Antarctic fish to freezing, due to antifreeze proteins in their blood,

• many common grasshopper species to pesticides, such as diazinon, sevin, and others,

All BUT ONE statement describes an advantage of meiosis.

• Variation is aided by crossing-over which occurs during meiosis.

• Meiosis ensures daughter cells receive one allele for each gene and half the number of chromosomes.

• Independent assortment provides a huge number of possible genetic combinations in daughter cells.

• Meiosis occurs often because it allows growth and repair of body tissues in multicellular organisms.

Which crisis can be improved by selective breeding?

• famine

• pollution

• global warming

• overpopulation

Each of these four organisms began life as a single 2N cell. Cells in each organisms divided and differentiated. Probably the single most important process that ensured genetic continuity in all four organisms was DNA

• alliteration.

• replication.

• transcription.

• translation.

A research program is launched to produce genetically modified varieties of a food crop. The aim of the program is to create varieties with fruit that ripen quicker. Which idea can be used BEST in an argument against such research?

• New, unknown proteins may be produced by the modified plants.

• The fruit from the modified crop might have a different taste.

• The modified crop will reduce the sales of chemical fertilizers.

• Similar research programs in the past have led to harmful effects.

The central dogma of molecular biology is centered upon the process of _________, in which the information from DNA is transcribed and translated, resulting in amino acids being joined into polypeptides.

• replication

• translation

• protein synthesis

• carbohydrate synthesis

The central dogma of molecular biology is an explanation of the flow of genetic information within a biological system. It is a framework for understanding the transfer of genetic information between sequential information-carrying biopolymers. It traces the one-way flow from the nucleus out to the cell proper and the ribosome.

Select which model BEST represents central dogma?

• 
• 
• 
• 

DNA encodes the information necessary to produce the proteins needed by your body. To make these proteins, DNA first undergoes a process known as transcription. This is when the information on a DNA strand is transferred to a molecule very similar to DNA, known as _______ .

• RNA

• PCU

• enzyme transferase

• the endoplasmic reticulum