A&P Semester 1 Final Exam Review

In the nervous system, an afferent signal is one which

• Travels from the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system

• From the central nervous system to the peripheral nervous system

• From the brain to the spinal cord

• From a sensory neuron to a motor neuron

Which of the following lobes in the cerebral cortex is responsible for generating voluntary motor movements?

• Parietal lobe

• Frontal lobe

• Temporal lobe

• Occipital lobe

What is the stimulus that causes activation of voltage-gated sodium channels?

• Depolarization

• Hyperpolarization

• Curare

• Acetylcholine

Which of the following is NOT a function of ATP is muscle fiber contraction?

• Allows myosin to attach to actin

• Causes myosin and actin to detach

• Activates voltage-gated sodium channels in the muscle cell membrane

Sprinter are most likely to recruit which type of muscle fiber during sprint exercise?

• Type 1

• Type 2a

• Type 2x (2b)

• Slow twitch

A contraction where length does not change is called ____ while a contraction where the fiber lengthens is called ____.

• Isotonic; isometric

• Isometric; eccentric

• Isotonic; eccentric

• Isometric; concentric

What is the major role of calcium in motor neuron function?

• Causes depolarization of axonal membrane

• Triggers the cross-bridge cycle in the motor neuron terminal

• Causes release of acetylcholine from the motor neuron terminal

• Leads to repolarization of the terminal membrane

What effect would blockage of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors have on muscle fiber stimulation by a motor neuron?

• Acetylcholine will not be able to depolarize the muscle cell membrane

• The motor neuron would not be able to release acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft

• Acetylcholinesterase would not be able to degrade acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft

• The motor neuron would not be able to fire an action potential

When blood pressure increases, baroreceptors detect this change and generate signals that ultimately lower blood pressure back to its baseline level. This represents

• A lateral change

• Positive inhibition

• A positive feedback loop

• A negative feedback loop

A spinal cord injury in the upper cervical region will lead to sensory and motor impairment in

• The legs only

• The legs and feet

• Breathing, and both upper and lower extremities (limbs)

• The arms only