5.6 & 5.7 (HL)

Apple’s “slide to unlock” technology on its iPhones (smartphones) and iPads (tablet computers) is an example of what?

• logo

• copyright

• brand

• patent

Which of the following is least likely to be a benefit of research and development (R&D)?

• First-mover advantage

• Protection through intellectual property rights

• Improved corporate image

• Improved productivity

Which of the following statements about research and development (R&D) is incorrect?

• R&D is vital to all industries, not just large multinational companies

• R&D expenditure can help to prolong a product’s life cycle

• R&D is more important in the manufacturing sector than in the primary and tertiary sectors

• R&D can be a major source of competitive advantage for businesses

Which of the following is not a direct benefit of expenditure on research and development?

• Competitive advantages

• New markets

• Enhanced corporate image

• Lower staff turnover

Which type of innovation is the most extreme form of innovation?

• Paradigm innovation

• Process innovation

• Positioning innovation

• Product innovation

What occurs when customers turn away from rival brands due to a more innovative and appealing product being made available?

• Brand switching

• Brand loyalty

• Brand rivalry

• Brand recognition

Which type of innovation involves research and development that focuses on creating new products or improving existing ones?

• Process innovation

• Position innovation

• Paradigm innovation

• Product innovation

Which type of innovation is aimed at changing customer perceptions about a brand or a business?

• Paradigm innovation

• Incremental innovation

• Position innovation

• Process innovation

Which of the following is least likely to be considered as a crisis for most businesses?

• Labour turnover

• Financial crisis

• Economic recession

• Natural disaster in the local region

Which of the following is least likely to be a feature of a crisis for a business?

• Disruptive

• Preventable

• Unpredictable

• Costly