Biology End of Year Exam Review Pt. 2

Transcribe the following DNA sequence into RNA:

TACAGGTTA

• UAGACCAAA

• AUGUCCAAU

• ATHTCCAAT

• ATHTCCAAT

Describe the pathway of events in all organisms for reading and expressing genes

• DNA—>RNA—>protein

• Protein—>RNA—>DNA

• mRNA—>tRNA—>rRNA

• RNA processing—>translation—>transcription

The amino acid sequence in a protein (or polypeptide) determines the protein’s

• Structure and function

• Shape and color

• Location and function

• Structure and color

Genetic traits that can be directly observed in living organisms are a result of

• The DNA

• The proteins created that are coded for by the DNA

• The nucleus

• The mRNA found in the cytoplasm

What type of mutation results in this change in the DNA sequence? TTCAGG—>TTCTGG

• Deletion

• Frameshift

• Insertion

• Substitution

During mitosis, daughter cells are created from a parent cell. These daughter cells

• Have the exact same number of chromosomes and are the same size as the parent cell

• Are genetically identical to the parent cell

• Inherit half of the chromosomes of the parent cell

• Are exactly twice the size with the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

You view a skin cell and a nerve cell from the same person under a microscope. The two cells look completely different in structure, but you know that since they came from the same person,

• They contain identical DNA

• They perform the same function

• They are both alive

• They are found in the same locations in the body

The cells of multicellular organisms are

• Smaller than those of unicellular organisms

• Simpler than those of unicellular organisms

• Specialized to perform different tasks in the tissues and organs of an organism

• Not dependent on one another to perform different tasks in an organism

Daughter cells (or gametes) created during meiosis are somewhat similar to the parent cells in that

• They have the exact same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

• They are genetically identical to the parent cell

• They are exactly twice the size with twice the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

• They inherit half of the chromosomes of the parent cell

Which explains how billions of possible genetic combinations are created in species?

• Crossing over

• Random fertilization

• Independent assortment

• All of the above