Chapter 2 Review: Chemistry of Life

Which of the following are functions of nucleic acids?

• They help make proteins.

• They contain instructions for proteins.

• They pass instructions from parents to offspring.

• all the above

Types of lipids include:

• triglycerides

• polysaccharides

• amino acids.

The characteristics of DNA include which of the following?

• DNA is made of nucleotides consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a carbon base

• DNA is made of a single polynucleotide chain, which winds into a double helix

• DNA is how inherited characteristics are passed from one generation to the next

A(n) ____________ cannot be broken down into other types of substances.

• element

• compound

• molecule

Functions of proteins include

• giving cells their shape

• targeting foreign substances for destruction

• speeding up biochemical reactions

• all the above

In a DNA molecule, adenine always pairs with

• cytosine

• guanine

• thymine

The main difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids is

• the amount of energy found in the fatty acid

• saturated fatty acids are liquids

• unsaturated fatty acids can be packed together very tightly

• the number of hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atoms

Complex carbohydrates are made out of subunits called ____________.

• starch

• monosaccharides

• amino acids

• nucleotides

Proteins are made out of subunits called ____________.

• polypeptides

• monosaccharides

• amino acids

Nucleic acids are made out subunits called ____________.

• amino acids

• nucleotides

• lipids