AS Culture Top Ten Sociologists

______________ defined the culture of a society as ‘the way of life of its members: the collection of ideas and habits which they learn, share and transmit from generation to generation’.

• Giddens

• Linton

• Tomlinson

• McLuhan

____________________ argues globalisation involves hybridization where there is mixing of cultures.

• Lury

• McLuhan

• Tomlinson

• Ritzer

____________(Marxist) suggests that popular culture is used by the ruling class to encourage the working class to passively accept inequality.

• Giddens

• Lury

• Marcuse

• Tomlinson

_______________ states that subcultures are antisystems of society with their own attitudes and norms that often contradict the norms of mainstream society / culture.

• Cohen

• Lury

• Marcuse

• Bourdieu

____________ argues that global culture is the idea of Mcdonaldization, that a BigMac will be the same in every country - it suggests  modern societies are in many respects increasingly standardised.

• Marcuse

• Lury

• Tomlinson

• Ritzer

___________ states that consumer culture creates the idea that debt is acceptable, shopping is a hobby 24/7.

• Lury

• Ritzer

• Tomlinson

• Marcuse

______________ states that the world is becoming a global village. 

• Bordieu

• Flew

• Cohen

• McLuhan

___________ argues the the distinction between popular and high culture is gradually breaking down as the media gives access to activities seen as ‘higher culture’.

• Marcuse

• Bourdieu

• Lury

• Linton

______________ suggests that new media technologies, e.g. satellite TV and the internet, have played an important role in the development of a global popular culture. 

• Flew

• McLuhan

• Ritzer

• Marcuse

____________ argues that globalisation has made the cultures of different countries become more alike and merge into one uniform culture (cultural homogenization).

• McLuhan

• Flew

• Giddens

• Lury