Cell Cycle Regulation, Stem Cells, and Cancer

What is apoptosis?

• A tumor

• A protein

• Programmed cell death

• Cell cycle checkpoints

Which of the following is a type of protein that regulates the cell cycle? 

• actin 
• myosin 
• cyclin 
• pepsin 

Why do cells go through cell division

• Growth
• Reproduction
• Repair
• All of the above

Which is true about Embryonic Stem Cells.

• They no longer do mitosis, their cell type is set and can not change
• They are limited to the type of cell they can become
• They can become any cell type in the body
• They are found in adults

Cancer is...

• Uncontrolled cell growth

• Normal cell growth

• A protein

• A cell cycle regulator

What is cell differentiation?

• The process where unspecialized cells become different in structure and function.

• When DNA controls the cell cycle.

• The ability of cells to make more cells.

• The ability of cells to maintain homeostasis.

The normal function of a tumor suppressor gene is 

• to produce growth signals
• to code for proteins that inhibit, or slow, cell division
• to cause the cell to move faster through the cell cycle
• to attack cancer cells in the body

Halts cell division if it detects damaged DNA; can either fix, force G₀ , or apoptosis.

• RAS

• MPF

• PDGF

• p53

Which of the following statements is true?

• Proto-oncogenes cause a loss of control of the cell cycle
• the products of oncogenes may inhibit the cell cycle
• tumor-suppressor-gene products inhibit the cell cycle
• a mutation in a proto-oncogene may convert it into a tumor suppresor gene

What is the difference between embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells?

• Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into more cell types than adult stem cells
• Adult stem cells are pluripotent, just like embryonic stem cells
• Adult stem cells can differentiate into more cell types than embryonic stem cells
• Adult stem cells grow bigger than embryonic stem cells