Chapter 11 Vocabulary Practice: Introduction to Genetics

A fertilized egg

• Tetrad

• Trait

• Allele

• Zygote

Term used to refer to a cell that contains two sets of homologous chromosomes

• Haploid

• Diploid

• Tetrad

• Zygote

Process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell

• Crossing over

• Diploid

• Zygote

• Meiosis

A gene that has more than two alleles

• Codominance

• Polygenic trait

• Incomplete dominance

• Multiple alleles

Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis

• Tetrad

• Zygote

• Crossing over

• Multiple alleles

Situation in which the phenotypes produced by both alleles are completely expressed

• Codominance

• Incomplete dominance

• Multiple alleles

• Polygenic trait

Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele

• Codominance

• Multiple alleles

• Polygenic trait

• Incomplete dominance

One of Mendel’s principles that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes

• Principle of dominance

• Incomplete dominance

• Segregation

• Independent Assortment

Separation of alleles during gamete formation

• Segregation

• Principle of dominance

• Incomplete dominance

• Independent assortment

Trait controlled by two or more genes

• Multiple alleles

• Codominance

• Incomplete dominance

• Polygenic trait