Biology Chapter 4 Review

Which statement describes all primary producers?

• All harness the energy of sunlight through the process of photosynthesis.

• All take in energy to assemble energy-rich compounds.

• All take in food and break it apart to release energy.

• All are small, single-celled organisms, such as bateria and algae.

Which of the following organisms does NOT require sunlight to live?

• algae

• photosynthetic bacteria

• trees

• chemosynthetic bacteria

What animals eat both producers and consumers?

• chemotrophs

• herbivores

• omnivores

• autotrophs

Plants are

• omnivores

• primary consumers

• primary producers

• herbivores

Autotrophs can be classified into two groups according to which of these properties?

• food type, either plant matter or animal matter

• food quality, either living matter or dead matter

• energy source, either sunlight or chemicals

• water quality, either fresh water or salt water

Only 10% of the energy stored in an organism can be passed on to the next trophic level. Of the remaining energy, some is used for the organism's life processes and the rest is

• stored as body tissue

• eliminated as waste heat and used in body processes

• used in reproduction

• stored as fat

A pyramid of biomass is one way to model an ecosystem. How does the amount of biomass generally change from the bottom of the pyramid to the top?

• The amount of biomass decreases.

• The amount of biomass varies only slightly, and may increase or decrease.

• The amount of biomass varies widely, and both increases and desreases.

• The amount of biomass increases.

In which way are plants in a sunny mountain meadow and sulfur bacteria is a deep-sea volcanic vent alike?

• They both use chemosynthesis to produce their own food.

• The both produce carbon and hydrogen.

• The both produce carbohydrates.

• The both use photosynthesis to create their own food.

What is at the base of all ecological pyramids?

• consumers

• scavengers

• producers

• decomposers

A word that means the same thing as consumer is

• carbohydrate

• producer

• heterotroph

• autotroph