A direct result of the Crusades was that

• Europeans increased their demands for goods from the East

• The pope lost control of the Church

• Nobles gained power over the monarchs

• Christians gained permanent control of the Holy Land

One result of the Crusades was an increase in trade between the Middle East and

• Europe

• Africa

• East Asia

• North America

A major goal of the Christian Church during the Crusades (1096-1291) was to

• Strengthen English dominance in the Arab world

• Unite warring Arab peoples

• Capture the Holy Land from Islamic rulers

• Establish Christianity in Western Europe

Which event is referred to in this quotation?

• French Revolution

• Glorious Revolution

• Crusades

• Enlightenment

This statement was most likely used to encourage people to

• Force Russians to convert to Catholicism

• Stop advancement of the Huns in Europe

• Repel a Viking invasion

• Join the Crusades

The author of this passage describing the

• Outcome of the famine in Ireland in the 1890s

• Treatment for native peoples in Latin American nations

• Breakdown of social order during the bubonic plague

• Power of special courts during the Inquisition

What was the principle cause of the trend in England shown in the graph?

• A lower birthrate

• Immigration

• Disease

• Famine

The information on this map suggests that the Black Death was primarily spread by the actions of

• invading armies

• nomadic peoples

• merchants

• explorers

The information shown on this map suggests that the Black Death spread to Europe as a result of contact with

• merchants from western Africa

• traders from Asia

• barbarians from Scandinavia

• explorers returning from the Americas

What are the historical circumstances that led to the spread of the black death?

• The Black Death began in England and spread

• The Black Death originated and spread from America to England

• The Black Death originated in Asia and spread to Europe along trade routes

• The Black Death originated in France