Ethics and Study Designs

What did the Nuremberg Code omit?

• children, adults and persons who are intellectually challenged

• adults, elderly and persons who are intellectually challenged

• children and persons who are mentally and intellectually challenged

What are the fundamental ethical principles?

• Respect and beneficence

• beneficence and integrity

• Justice, respect and beneficence

• Justice, respect and responsibility

The researcher ensures anonymity by coding the participants' names and keeping the code names in a secure location.

• true

• false

The informed consent document formalizes core ethical principles of voluntary participation and protecting participants from harm.

• true

• false

What is described as 'striving for excellence in research'?

• rigour

• causality

• probability

• bias

What is referred as relative causality?

• bias

• probability

• causality

• precision

Bias may increase error and produces distortion that affect the quality of resercah

• true

• false

Triangulation uses multiple sources to draw conclusions, which minimizes bias.

• true

• false

What research provides fundamental knowledge and is explanatory, descriptive and exploratory in nature?

• applied research

• basic research

• prospective research

What study is conducted at a specific point in time?

• longitudinal study

• cross-sectional study

• prospective study