Why is it important to finish ALL of an antibiotic, even if you feel better?

If all of the infectious bacteria are not killed, the bacteria may continue to multiply. Some of these bacteria may have a mutation that makes them resistant to the antibiotic. This could cause resistant bacteria to spread.

If all of the antibiotic is not used, the surviving bacteria may learn how to fight off the antibiotic, causing the sickness to get even worse.

If all of the antibiotic is not used, the bacteria may begin ingesting your skin cells, causing a new sickness to arise.

If all of the antibiotic is not used, the surviving bacteria may cooperate with other infectious bacteria, resulting in two separate infections at the same time.

The table below shows what happens to an insect population before and after a pesticide is added. Which of the following best explains why more of the pesticide-resistant insects were present in the second generation?

Because of heredity, insects with genes for pesticide resistance passed it on to the following generation

Because of the pesticides in plants, insects in the second generation developed a tolerance for pesticides

Because of the environment, parent insects taught their offspring to be pesticide resistant in order to survive

Because of heredity, insects learned to avoid pesticides on plants

People are making antibiotic resistance worse by:

putting antibiotics into our food and environment

taking antibiotics only when they need them

not sharing antibiotics with others

The pesticide DDT was used extensively in the past to reduce the numbers of malaria-carrying mosquitoes. At first, application of DDT killed almost all the mosquitoes in treated populations. Over years, however, DDT-resistant populations (ones where most mosquitoes were not killed by normal doses of DDT) began to emerge. Which of the following best explains how DDT resistance emerged in the mosquitoes?

When DDT was applied, rare individuals with DDT resistance mutations were more likely to survive and leave offspring, eventually leading to populations composed largely of resistant mosquitoes

The individual mosquitos in the starting populations sensed the environmental threat and mutated genes that made them insensitive to DDT

Populations with DDT resistance are better-adapted for any environment than populations without DDT resistance, so they would have evolved sooner or later (regardless of whether DDT was applied)

The mosquitoes must all have been DDT-resistant to begin with, because there is no genetic variation in natural populations of mosquitoes

What is antibiotic resistance?

The ability for bacteria to resist antibiotics.

The ability for humans to resist antibiotics.

The ability for humans to repel bacteria.

The ability for bacteria to become weak from antibiotics.

Which statement is true regarding the petri dish shown below?

All of these statements are true.

Antibiotic B is more effective than C.

The control should have no zone of inhibition.

The bacteria is resistant to Antibiotic D.

Which of the following is NOT an example of natural selection?

People selectively breeding hamsters.

Insect populations developing resistance to certain pesticides.

Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics.

Male birds of certain species developing colorful feathers to attract female mates.

Definition: adaptation

inherited characteristic that increases chances of survival

organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate

a growing population causes a scarcity of resources

differences in the DNA sequence

What is most likely to happen to moth populations in the picture shown?

Light moths--hunted easily, dark moths--population increase

Dark moths--hunted easily, dark moths--population increase

Light moths--hunted easily, light moths--population increase

Lights moths will change their color to match dark moths.

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Because they come from dominant alleles.

Because they come from recessive alleles.

Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

Why is the mouse population changing over time?

The hawks eat more light mice than dark mice because they can see the light mice more easily

The light mice can reproduce more successfully than the dark mice

The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because the dark mice taste better

The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because they can see the dark mice more easily

Definition: adaptation

inherited characteristic that increases chances of survival

organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate

a growing population causes a scarcity of resources

differences in the DNA sequence

Definition: natural selection

organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate

inherited characteristic that increases chances of survival

a growing population causes a scarcity of resources

differences in the DNA sequence

ability to survive and reproduce in a specific environment

organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate

a growing population causes a scarcity of resources

differences in the DNA sequence

Darwin observed many finch species on the Galapagos Islands. To explain these observations, he proposed that each species evolved from the same common ancestor, which was a finch species that migrated to the islands from the mainland. What additional evidence did Darwin use to support his explanation?

The finch species lived in different habitats on different islands, which isolated them from one another.

The finch populations were very numerous, and different species often bred with one another.

The finch species were distributed evenly among all of the islands, but did not interbreed.

The beaks of the finches were identical, allowing them to eat the same foods on any of the islands.

A population of rabbits grows rapidly from one year to the next. Then one year, a disease strikes approximately one fourth of the adult rabbits. The disease remains with the population in the years that follow. As explained by Darwin’s theory, which of these conditions allows the rabbit population to evolve by natural selection?

Some rabbits are resistant to the disease, and they pass the resistance to their offspring.

The disease affects adult and juvenile rabbits equally.

The disease reduces the ability of the rabbits to reproduce.

No rabbits are resistant to the disease, and all die when the disease strikes them.

Which of the following is a situation that could cause evolutionary change that is NOT due to natural selection?

A volcano erupts and kills many individuals in a population.

A mutation produces sea stars that are less visible to predators.

An insecticide is sprayed in a community to combat mosquitoes.

Cattle are treated with antibiotics to prevent the spread of infections.

The graphs below show the changes in crab color at one beach. Which of the following is most likely to have caused the change in the distribution?

A change in beach color made medium-tan crabs the most visible to predators.

A new predator arrived that preferred dark-tan crabs.

A new predator arrived that preferred light-tan crabs.

A change in beach color made medium-tan crabs the least visible to predators.

A population that is isolated in a remote environment is still able to experience genetic variation. How could genetic variation that contributes to evolution occur in such a population?

A mistake in DNA replication before meiosis produces an organism that is better able to outrun predators.

A mutation in a liver cell produces liver cancer.

Lateral gene transfer occurs that produces an organism that is less resistant to drought.

A mutation in an egg cell causes a change in DNA that produces an organism that is more sensitive to sunlight.

The figure shows how natural selection of a single-trait gene affects lizard survival. Which of the following most likely causes the changes in allele distribution?

The allele for light gray coloration disappears from the population. This may be because light gray lizards are more visible to predators and therefore they might be less likely to survive and reproduce.

The allele for black coloration decreases fitness and becomes less common. This may be because black coloration keeps the lizards cool during hot summer temperatures.

Medium gray coloration in lizards appears to be a neutral mutant allele that allows the lizards to hide better from predators. This leads to increases in phenotype and allele frequency of gray coloration.

Because black and medium gray lizards are less visible to predators, these alleles are neutral to natural selection and therefore will not disappear from the population of lizards.

What is the most likely explanation of the data shown below?

The moths are living in an environment with dark trees.

There has been a drought in the area that is affecting all life forms.

The population of natural predators of the moths has gotten smaller.

The moths are living in an environment with light trees.

Scientists use several concepts to explain patterns of evolutionary change. Which evidence would be most useful for identifying a pattern of punctuated equilibrium in an evolutionary lineage?

Fossil sequences that show rapid changes over brief spans of geologic time

Similar bone structures among mammal species alive today

An identical genetic code in use among all species alive today

Fossil sequences that show gradual changes over long spans of geologic time

In recent years "SuperBugs" (bacteria that aren't effected by antibiotics) are becoming more and more common. How could natural selection explain this?

Superbugs survive antibiotics and reproduce

Antibiotics cause bacteria to become superbugs

We have always had the same amount of superbugs; modern media just discusses them more.

There is no reliable data on the origin of super bugs.

the quality or characteristic of an organism

when mutatuons cause extra limbs.

antibiotic & pesticide resistance AND Natural Selection

Authored by Amanda Whatley

Biology

9th - 12th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 7+ times

antibiotic & pesticide resistance AND Natural Selection

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

A pesticide is...

A chemical that kills a bug / insect

A substance that kills bacteria

A nutrient for certain crops

A substance created by biotechnology to induce mutations in insects

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

An antibiotic is...

A chemical that kills a bug / insect

A substance that kills bacteria

A chemical that destroys any toxins in the stomach

A substance created by biotechnology to induce mutations in bacteria

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

A population of cockroaches was sprayed with an insecticide. Some cockroaches survived and produced a population of cockroaches that was resistant to this spray. What can BEST be inferred from this example?

species will adapt no matter what the environment

environment has no effect on the survival of an organism

Individuals with favorable variations survive and reproduce

Insecticides cause mutations that are passed on to the next generation

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

A pesticide is...

A chemical that kills a bug / insect

A substance that kills bacteria

A nutrient for certain crops

A substance created by biotechnology to induce mutations in insects

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

An antibiotic is...

A chemical that kills a bug / insect

A substance that kills bacteria

A chemical that destroys any toxins in the stomach

A substance created by biotechnology to induce mutations in bacteria

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

A change in DNA is a ...

clone

protein

accident

mutation

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

A population of cockroaches was sprayed with an insecticide. Some cockroaches survived and produced a population of cockroaches that was resistant to this spray. What can BEST be inferred from this example?

species will adapt no matter what the environment

environment has no effect on the survival of an organism

Individuals with favorable variations survive and reproduce

Insecticides cause mutations that are passed on to the next generation

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

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antibiotic & pesticide resistance AND Natural Selection

A pesticide is...

An antibiotic is...

A population of cockroaches was sprayed with an insecticide. Some cockroaches survived and produced a population of cockroaches that was resistant to this spray. What can BEST be inferred from this example?

A pesticide is...

An antibiotic is...

A change in DNA is a ...

A population of cockroaches was sprayed with an insecticide. Some cockroaches survived and produced a population of cockroaches that was resistant to this spray. What can BEST be inferred from this example?

Why is it important to finish ALL of an antibiotic, even if you feel better?

The table below shows what happens to an insect population before and after a pesticide is added.Which of the following best explains why more of the pesticide-resistant insects were present in the second generation?

People are making antibiotic resistance worse by:

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The table below shows what happens to an insect population before and after a pesticide is added.
Which of the following best explains why more of the pesticide-resistant insects were present in the second generation?