Psychology Unit 2 AOS 2 revision test

Two friends ate the same type of gnocchi, but their different past experiences and expectations concerning gnocchi meant that they perceived the taste of the food in quite different ways. It is most likely that they perceived the taste through

• top-down processing

• bottom-up processing

• bottom-down processing

• top-up processing

Which of the following is not a principle that explains how we interpret visual information most efficiently by grouping individual elements together to perceive a whole object?

• figure-ground

• similarity

• proximity

• shape constancy

If a yoghurt container is made heavier than those of competing brands, consumers may expect it to be more filling due to our memories suggesting that heavier things hold more. Which of the following explains this influence on gustatory perception?

• the social factor of motivation

• the psychological factor of product packaging

• the social factor of product packaging

• the psychological factor of motivation

Sustained attention is suitable for what type of tasks?

• simple and complex tasks

• complex tasks only

• simple tasks only

• neither type of task

Which of the following describes a cognitive task that requires a high level of conscious awareness and mental effort?

• automatic cognitive task

• multitasking

• controlled cognitive task

• simple task

Two people share a meal of stew. Person A thought it was tasty, with rich savoury flavours, but Person B though it was bland. This difference in the gustatory perception of Person A and B could be due to

• genetics or age only

• genetics or pregnancy status only

• age or pregnancy status only

• genetics, age or pregnancy status

Cake is a comfort food for Liam; he always feels happy when he eats it. Neurologically, his happiness can be best explained by

• sugar and fat in the cake binding to taste receptors on his tongue

• taste receptors on the tongue sending sweetness signals to the brain

• his gustatory perception of the cake releasing dopamine in his brain, which binds with pleasure receptors

• being a supertaster; that is, having more tastebuds on his tongue

Cultural factors affect our perception of taste mostly through

• biological factors, such as genetic differences between people of different cultures.

• social factors, such as growing up in a family and society with a particular food culture.

• psychological factors, conveyed by the appearance of a food prepared using a culture’s traditional methods.

• biological factors, such as taste buds adapting to the foods of that culture.

The psychological factors in gustatory perception include

• past experience, emotion and food culture

• historical experiences, emotion and product packaging

• emotion, age and past experience

• past experience, emotion and product packaging

One biological explanation for why children are fussy eaters is

• children have a heightened sense of smell and so detect unusual smells in foods, but this declines as they grow older.

• children have more taste buds than adults, so they perceive flavour more intensely.

• receptors for sweet taste are weaker in young children and they perceive sour tastes more.

• children have fewer taste buds than adults, so they don’t perceive and enjoy subtle flavours as much.