Fluid/Electrolytes NURS 312

When planning care for a dehydrated patient, the nurse remembers the principle of water balance is closely related to _____ balance.

• Potassium

• Chloride

• Bicarbonate

• Sodium

A nurse is teaching the staff about antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Which information should the nurse include? Secretion of ADH is stimulated by:

• Increased serum potassium

• Increased plasma osmolality

• Decreased renal blood flow

• Generalized edema

Which statement by the staff indicates teaching was successful concerning aldosterone? Secretion of aldosterone results in:

• Increased plasma osmolality

• Increased serum potassium levels

• Increased blood volume

• Localized edema

A patient reports drinking large amounts of water on a hot day. Later, the patient begins to complain of a headache. Which electrolyte imbalance is expected?

• Hyperchloremia

• Hypokalemia

• Hypercalcemia

• Hyponatremia

The nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• Suggest that the client use a salt substitute.

• Obtain a 12 lead EKG.

• Advise the client to add citrus juices and bananas to their diet.

• Obtain a blood sample for a serum sodium level.

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L. Which of the following finding should the nurse recognize as a potential causative factor?

• Client has a history of alcohol abuse disorder.

• Client reports drinking 3.5 to 4 L of water each day.

• Client has an NG tube to gastric suction.

• Client has been taking over the counter antacids.

A nurse is caring for a client admitted for hypomagnesmia and is being treated with magnesium sulfate IV. The client's respiratory rate is 10/min and deep-tendon reflexes are absent. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• Discontinue the medication infusion.

• Assess blood glucose.

• Assess neurologic function.

• Place the client in Trendelenburg position.

A nurse is admitting a client who has a serum calcium level of 12.3 mg/dL and initiates cardiac monitoring. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect during the initial assessment?

• Lethargy

• Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes

• Prolonged ST segment

• Hyperactive bowel sounds

A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and requires IV fluid therapy due to his NPO status. Which of the following solutions should the nurse prepare to infuse for this client?

• Lactated Ringer's

• 0.45% sodium chloride

• 0.9% sodium chloride

• 3% sodium chloride

A nurse is assessing an older adult client who is receiving IV therapy. The nurse should recognize that which of the following findings indicates fluid volume excess? (Select all that apply.)

• Bounding Pulse

• Pitting Edema

• IV site swelling

• Serum Osmolality of 320 mOsm/L

• Crackles upon lung auscultation