Properties of Water

Carbon can combine with many different elements but frequently combines with oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen to form organic molecules. Which statement best explains why carbon is able to form a large number of different molecules?

• Carbon forms only ionic bonds.

• Carbon can form only ring structures.

• Carbon can form four covalent bonds.

• Carbon forms small, simple structures.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Which characteristic allows carbon atoms to form chains and rings with other carbon atoms?

• Carbon has several forms.

• Carbon can form four covalent bonds.

• Carbon is the fourth most abundant element in the universe.

• Carbon is a structural part of lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

Which property of water is most responsible for plants being able to transport water from their roots to their leaves?

• The attraction between molecules

• A capacity to dissolve many substances

• The ability to form a low-density crystalline structure when frozen

• A capacity to absorb large amounts of energy as temperature increases

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

The opening of the stomata allows water to evaporate from inside the leaf in a process known as transpiration. As this occurs, water molecules cling to one another and pull water in a continuous stream up the stem of the plant from the roots to the leaves. Which property of water makes the movement of water possible from the roots to the leaves of a plant?

• Cohesion

• Freezing point

• High specific heat

• Temperature-dependent density

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Use the illustration to answer the following question.

Which of the following is a property of water that allows a water strider to walk on the surface of water?

• Solubility

• Cohesion

• High specific heat

• Low freezing point

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-4

Water has a high specific heat, which means that it requires a great deal of heat to change its temperature.

• Water is part of a continuous cycle in which liquid water falls to the Earth's surface, is evaporated back into the atmosphere, and condenses into clouds that produce precipitation.

• Water droplets tend to clump together in drops instead of spreading out in a thin film, allowing it to move through the roots of plants and through blood vessels in the human body.

• In freezing temperatures, ice rises to the top of lakes and provides an insulating layer that keeps the rest of the water from freezing.

• The water that covers over 70% of the Earth's surface stabilizes the weather and climate of the Earth.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Water is the most abundant molecule found in living organisms. Most mammals, in fact, are approximately 70% water by weight. About two-thirds of this water is present inside cells. The other one-third is present outside cells (e.g., in blood plasma or other body fluids). Why is water so important to cells?

• Almost all the chemical reactions in life processes occur in solutions with water.

• Water determines which proteins are translated from the cellular DNA.

• Water is stored in the cells to be used when the organism gets thirsty.

• The main structural component found in plasma membranes and cell walls is water.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

The freezing point of water is 0°C, and the boiling point is 100°C. This range of temperatures can be found naturally on the Earth, which means that___.

• water makes up less than 30% of the Earth's surface

• water has a very low specific heat

• water can exist in all three states on Earth

• water cannot move through the roots of plants

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Molecule that has regions of opposite partial charge.

• Carbon dioxide

• Polar molecule

• ionic compound

• opposite molecule

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

An atom with a positive or negative charge

• Lipid

• Bipolar

• ion

• Polar molecule

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1