Chapter 1 Test Biosphere Practice

A heron is affected by many factors in its environment. What distinguishes the biotic factors from the abiotic factors? p9

• location in the water or out of the water

• plant or animal

• living or nonliving

• food or not food

Which data are MOST useful for analyzing the climate of the region?p13

• average time of sunrise and sunset in July

• the highest and the lowest daily rainfall in July of this year

• the daily high temperature for every day in July of this year

• average temperatures for July, measured over 30 years

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Which of these subjects is MOST LIKELY to be studied in ecology?p6-7

• the method of water transport in a treeOption 1

• a comparison of muscle cells among birds and reptiles

• the circulatory system of earthworms

• the interaction between populations of wolves and deer

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Greenhouse gasses include carbon dioxide and methane. How do greenhouse gasses act to increase air temperatures near Earth’s surface?p14

• They transmit visible light that enters the atmosphere.

• They trap heat that is radiated from the surface.

• They reflect heat that enters the atmosphere.

• They emit heat when they undergo chemical reactions.

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A local ecosystem includes a variety of grasses that grow on spongy soil. In spring, heavy rainfall and melted snow cover the soil in a few inches of water. The ecosystem dries up by late summer. What term BEST describes this ecosystem?p29

• pond

• estuary

• wetland

• stream bed

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A developer proposes to drain an estuary, and then use the land to build an ocean-side hotel, houses, and parking lots. Which would be the most likely effect of the new development on the local ecosystem?p29

• Loss of spawning and nursery grounds for many fishes and shellfish

• Death of coral animals and loss of the coral reef ecosystem

• Reduction of primary productivity for the ocean ecosystem

• Increased salinity of ocean water

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Most ocean food chains depend on phytoplankton as primary producers. Where in the ocean do phytoplankton live?p26

• throughout all ocean waters, because phytoplankton can tolerate a wide range of temperature and light conditions

• within about 200 meters of the ocean shoreline, because phytoplankton depend on nutrients that wash into the water from land

• within about 200 meters of the ocean surface, because phytoplankton require light to survive

• attached to shells along the ocean floor, because phytoplankton cannot float

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Dr. Simeon and her team are studying global climate change. They develop a set of mathematical equations that relate climate data gathered over the past 100 years. Then, with the aid of a computer, they use the equations to predict climate change in the future.

The team’s use of mathematical equations and computers is an example of which science process?p8

• observation

• gathering evidence

• experimentation

• modeling

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What is the relationship between global winds and global ocean currents?p16

• The pattern of global winds is one of the factors that drives global ocean currents.

• The pattern of global ocean currents is one of the factors that drives global winds.

• Both are caused by heat from the sun, and they do not affect each other.

• Both are caused by Earth’s rotation, and they do not affect each other.

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The temperate grasslands biome includes regions of several continents. What do all of the regions have in common?p23

• the same species of grazing animals

• the same species of grasses

• the same seasonal patterns of temperature and precipitation

• the same amount of land that is covered in grasses