In-Class Assignment 11

Negative effects of stress are most likely to be experienced when an event is perceived as ________.

• Negative, but it is likely to affect one's friends rather than oneself

• Challenging

• Confusing

• Threatening, and no clear options for dealing with it are apparent

What definition of stress conceptualizes it in ways that emphasize physiological responses that occur in threatening situations?

• Appraisal-based definitions of stress

• Stimulus-based definitions of stress

• Response-based definitions of stress

• Trauma-based definitions of stress

Inshira was diagnosed with cancer, which of course, is viewed as a potential threat to her health and well-being. Inshira is now deciding how many options she has to cope with this diagnosis, and starts thinking about the large number of treatments that are available to help her fight this. What process is she going through in regard to stress?

• Grieving process

• Primary appraisal

• Secondary appraisal

• Alarm appraisal

What are the 3 stages of Seyle's General Adaptation Syndrome, in order?

• Alarm reaction

  Stage of exhaustion

  Stage of resistance

• Alarm reaction

  Stage of resistance

  Stage of exhaustion

• Stress reaction

  Alarm reaction

  Exhaustion

• Stress reaction

  Appraisal reaction

  Coping reaction

Emotion-focused coping would likely be a better method than problem-focused coping for dealing with which of the following stressors?

• Poor grades in school

• Unemployment

• Divorce

• Terminal cancer

Relative to those with low levels of social support, individuals with high levels of social support _______.

• Are more likely to develop asthma

• Tend to have less perceived control

• Are more likely to develop cardiovascular disorders

• Tend to tolerate stress well

The concept of learned helplessness was formulated by Seligman to explain the ___________.

• Inability of dogs to attempt to escape avoidable shocks after having received inescapable shocks

• Failure of dogs to learn from prior mistakes

• Ability of dogs to learn to help other dogs escape situations in which they are receiving uncontrollable shocks

• Inability of dogs to learn to help other dogs escape situations in which they are receiving uncontrollable electric shocks

How does positive affect differ from optimism?

• Optimism is more scientific than positive affect

• Positive affect is more scientific than optimism

• Positive affect involves feeling states, whereas optimism involves expectations

• Optimism involves feeling states, whereas positive affect involves expectations

Briann enjoys writing fantasy novels, and even has managed to publish some of her work. When she's writing, Briann becomes extremely focused on her work; in fact, she becomes so absorbed that she often loses track of time and often stays up well past 3am. Briann's experience best illustrates the concept of _______.

• Happiness set point

• Adaptation

• Positive affect

• Flow

Researchers have identified a number of factors that are related to happiness. Which of the following is not one of them?

• Age

• Annual income up to $75,000

• Physical attractiveness

• Marriage