Unit 2. Work and Motivation

factors that influence the behaviour of workers towards achieving business goals

Answer explanation

Motivation: factors that influence the behaviour of workers towards achieving business goals. Motivation can be increased by:

(a) monetary rewards

(b) non-monetary rewards

(c) introducing ways to give job satisfaction

The enjoyment a worker gets from feeling that they have done a good job.

Answer explanation

Job satisfaction: The enjoyment a worker gets from feeling that they have done a good job. There are three ways to motivate workers to be more committed to their job and work more effectively:

• + Job rotation: swapping workers round and only doing a specific task for a limited time before swapping round again

• + Job enlargement: extra tasks are added to the job to make it more interesting

• + Job enrichment: adding tasks that require more skill and/or responsibility

swapping workers round and only doing a specific task for a limited time before swapping round again

• job rotation

• job enlargement

• job

extra tasks are added to the job to make it more interesting

• job rotation

• job enlargement

• job

adding tasks that require more skill and/or responsibility

• job rotation

• job enlargement

• job enrichment

Which theory is it: The average person does not like work. Workers must be constantly supervised so they will work. Motivation is from external factors, e.g. pay schmems where the workers are paid more for increased output.

Which theory is it: The average person is motivated by internal factors. To motivate workers, you need to find ways to help workers take an interest in their work, e.g. give rewards, incentives.

factors that must be present in the workplace to prevent job dissatisfaction

A theory of motivation which states that five categories of human needs dictate an individual's behaviour. Those needs are physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs.

• Maslow's hierarchy of needs

• Frederick Herzberg's motivation theory

Humans have two sets of needs: one is for the basic needs, which he called hygiene factors or needs, and the second is for a human being to be able to grow psychologically, which he called motivational needs or motivators.

• Maslow's hierarchy of needs

• Frederick Herzberg's motivation theory