When are deep foundations required?

When the soil at or near the ground surface is capable of supporting a structure

When the surface soil is suitable for shallow foundation

When the uplift loads are smaller than spread footings can accommodate

When the structural loads are erratic

Foundations are used for the following purposes EXCEPT;

v. to prevent from building equillibrium of fault lines in the foundation

i. To distribute the load of the structure over a large bearing area so as to bring intensity of loading within the safe bearing capacity of the soil lying underneath.

ii. To load the bearing surface at a uniform rate so as to prevent unequal settlement.

In Selection of Foundation Type, Having these points in mind one should apply the following steps in order to arrive at a decision. EXCEPT;

Obtain at least approximate information concerning the nature of the superstructure and the loads to be transmitted to the foundation

Determine the subsurface condition in a general way.

The types that are found to be unsuitable should then be eliminated.

In Selection of Foundation Type, Having these points in mind one should apply the following steps in order to arrive at a decision. EXCEPT;

Undertake a detailed study of the most promising types. Such a study may require additional information on loads and subsurface conditions.

Determine the approximate size of footing or the approximate length and number of piles required

Prepare an estimate for the cost of each promising type of foundation.

Select the type that represents the most acceptable compromise between performance and cost.

In Selection of Foundation Type, Consider each of the usual types of foundations in order to judge whether or not (select more than one answer)

They could be constructed under existing conditions.

They are capable of carrying the required load.

They experience serious differential settlements.

The uplift loads are lager than spread footings can accommodate.

In Shallow Foundations, They are most often used: (pick more than one)

in small to medium size structures

on sites with moderate to good soil conditions

on some large structures when they are locatedat sites underlain by exceptionally good soil orshallow bedrock.

In eroded but can be repaired land

Cantilever footing may be used:

on sites with moderate to good soil conditions

on some large structures when they are locatedat sites underlain by exceptionally good soil orshallow bedrock.

In eroded but can be repaired land

consists of two individual footings connected by a beam

Cantilever footing or Strap Footing

In this type of footing, a single continuous reinforced concrete slab is provided asfoundation of load bearing wall.

Continuous or wall footing or strip footing

In this type of footing, a strip footing is also provided for a row of columns which are so closely spaced that their spread footings overlap or nearly touch each other.

Continuous or wall footing or strip footing

In this type of footing, a combined footing that covers the entire area beneath a structure and supports all the columns.

Continuous or wall footing or strip footing

In this type of footing, a combined footing that covers the entire area beneath a structure and supports all the columns.

Continuous or wall footing or strip footing

Combined footing can be:

rectangular in shape if both the columns carry equal loads

trapezoidal if there is a space limitation and they carry unequal loads.

circular if there is a space limitation and they carry equal loads.

In Mat (Raft) Foundation, Foundation engineers often consider mats when dealing with any one of the following conditions: EXCEPT;

concrete slab is provided asfoundation of load bearing wall.

The bottom of the structure is located below ground water table, so waterproofing is an important concern. Because mats are monolithic, they are easier to waterproof.

The uplift loads are lager than spread footings can accommodate.

The lateral loads are not uniformly distributed through the structure and thus may cause differential horizontal movement in spread footings

The structural loads are erratic, and thus increase the likelihood of excessive differential settlement.

In Mat (Raft) Foundation, Foundation engineers often consider mats when dealing with any one of the following conditions: EXCEPT;

concrete slab is provided as foundation of load bearing wall.

The structural loads are so high or the soil conditions so poor that spread footings would be exceptionally large.

As a general rule of thumb, if spread footings would cover more than 50 percent of the building footprint area, a mat or some type of deep foundation will usually be more economical.

Foundation Quiz

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Architecture

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3rd Grade

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Practice Problem

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Medium

Mon Wyatt

Used 1+ times

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Foundation

Weak soil

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Foundation Quiz

35 questions

What is the purpose of foundations in a structure?

Which type of foundation is used to support individual columns?

When are mat (raft) foundations considered by foundation engineers?

What is a pier in the context of deep foundations?

What should be considered in selecting the foundation type?

Which type of foundation is used when the distance between the columns is so great that a trapezoidal combined footing becomes quite narrow?

What is the lowest artificially built part of a structure which transmits the load of the structure to the ground called?

When are deep foundations required?

What is a pile in the context of deep foundations?

What is the most common type of shallow foundation?

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