GCSE Psychology Experimental Design

What is the primary focus of experimental design in psychological experiments?

• Controlling the influence of confounding and extraneous variables

• Choosing the color of the experiment rooms

• Determining the number of participants

• Designing the researcher's lab coat

What does good experimental design ensure in a study?

• High external validity

• High number of participants

• High internal validity

• High financial cost

Which experimental design involves the same participants completing all sections of the experiment?

• Independent Groups

• Matched Pairs

• Repeated Measures

• Controlled Measures

What are the two examples of Order Effects mentioned?

• Fatigue Effect and Practice Effect

• Control Effect and Variable Effect

• Design Effect and Sample Effect

• Independent Effect and Dependent Effect

How do researchers attempt to eliminate order effects in repeated measures designs?

• By only testing one condition

• By increasing the number of participants

• By using a counterbalanced design

• By changing the experimental conditions

What is a major benefit of using an Independent Groups design?

• It allows for more variables to be tested

• Participants are less likely to guess the true aims of the study

• It eliminates the need for a control group

• It requires fewer participants

In an Independent Groups design, why are participants randomly assigned to conditions?

• To ensure that each group performs the same

• To make the experiment easier to conduct

• To balance out participant variables across groups

• To reduce the cost of the experiment

What makes the Matched Pairs design labor-intensive?

• The need for a large number of participants

• The need to find closely matched participants for each condition

• The complexity of the statistical analysis

• The requirement for multiple experimental conditions

What is a potential issue with the Matched Pairs design related to experimenter effects?

• Participants may not be perfectly matched

• The experimenter's bias in choosing which variables to match

• The difficulty in analyzing the results

• The high cost of finding matched pairs

Why might a researcher choose to redesign an experiment using a different experimental design?

• To increase the experiment's internal validity

• To see if the results can be replicated in a different design

• To address the limitations of the original design

• All of the above