APHG Unit 7 Review

Which of the following measures a population’s wealth and is calculated as the total value of the goods and services produced by a country’s citizens and companies within the country in a year?

• Gross National Product

• Gender Development Index

• Gross National Income

• Human Development Index

• Gross Domestic Product

Which factor most strongly influences the geographic concentration of industrial facilities?

• High capital cost of facilities

• Political pressures on industry

• Specialized labor markets

• Weather and climate

• Responsiveness to market conditions

Which statement correctly describes world system theory?

• The theory incorporates a country’s increasing urbanization as growing in parallel with an improved infrastructure and technological discoveries and advances.

• The theory assumes that all countries practice a form of market-oriented capitalism and that all countries experience economic growth as industry accelerates.

• The theory includes both political and economic elements and can be viewed as either a political or economic theory with geographic effects.

• The theory centers around modern societies being organized into states, with production shifting from industrial manufacturing to consumer goods and services.

• The theory focuses on the principles that countries follow in order to achieve economic growth and to ensure a rate of progression that can sustain that growth.

Which country has had more women in its parliament than any other country in the world—every year since 2004—due to a social upheaval that caused a gender shift?

• Cuba

• Bolivia

• Sweden

• Mozambique

• Rwanda

Which statement accurately describes the geographic distribution of the quaternary economic sector?

• It is clustered near rich deposits of natural resources.

• It is evenly distributed according to population density.

• It is clustered near institutions of higher education.

• It follows a linear distribution along transportation corridors.

• It is clustered near capital cities and other political centers.

Why is Dell Computers an example of a post–Fordist organization?

• It focuses on high-tech products.

• It outsources most of its production.

• It uses mass-production technologies.

• It grew by providing customized products.

• It sells to consumers throughout the world.

Which region hosts the country with the highest average number of years of schooling?

• South Asia

• East Asia and the Pacific

• Latin America and the Caribbean

• Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia

• Southwest Asia and North Africa

Which statement accurately describes the informal sector of the economy?

• It involves economic activities that are not regulated or taxed by governments.

• It is characterized by declines in industrial employment within core regions.

• It is comprised of companies whose economic activities are realized by producing large quantities of a good.

• It is comprised of small businesses whose economic activities are used to determine a country's equity.

• It is comprised of businesses and enterprises that have a minimal impact on an area’s financial status.

Why should varying scales of analysis be used when measuring a country’s standard of living?

• There may be inconsistencies in the economic and social indicators geographers evaluate—such as available resources, productivity, and education— due to the absence of available data.

• Disparities may exist between the dominant economic activities and levels of productivity in core and semi-peripheral countries.

• There may be distinct regional or local differences in standards of living within countries, and country-level data may mask this unequal development.

• There may be false indicators in the formal and informal sectors of a country that distort its social indicators, such as access to health care, life expectancy data, and infant mortality rates.

• Regional or local government regulations may prevent the documentation of economic activities, work conditions, safety protections, or the existence or lack of a social security system.

What is the fundamental goal of neoliberalism?

• Establishing open markets and free trade

• Providing protections for domestic industries

• Encouraging sustainable development practices

• Enforcing international labor laws and standards

• Providing financial and technical assistance to peripheral countries