Energy Systems - Physical education: key terms and concepts

What is ATP

• Adenosine and three phosphate molecules

• Adenosine and two phosphate molecules

• A polymer chain of amino acids

• A polymer carbohydrate chain

What is ADP

• Adenosine and three phosphate molecules

• Adenosine and two phosphate molecules

• A polymer chain of amino acids

• A polymer carbohydrate chain

How is ATP energy released

• When one of the three phosphate molecules break of an ATP molecule

• When a phosphate molecule joins onto the other two phosphates on an ADP molecule

• When muscles relax creatine phosphate synthesis ATP

• When proteins are broken down ATP is released from the amino acid bonds

The body has limited stores of ATP so in order for exercise to continue ATP needs to be (a)  

Which describe the fuel source creatine phosphate

• located in the muscles but with limited stores

• used for high intensity

• rapid release of energy

• anaerobic

• slow release/absorption

Which describe the fuel source carbohydrates

• preferred fuel source for exercise

• digested as glucose and stored as glycogen

• anaerobic

• used for muscle growth and repair

• fast release/absorption

Which describe the fuel source fats

• digested into free fatty acids and stored as triglycerides

• highest ATP yield per molecule

• aerobic (used fro rest and submaximal exercise, below 85% MHR)

• sourced from meat, fish, legumes and grains

• slow release/absorption due to large molecules taking longer to break down

Which describe the fuel source proteins

• use for muscle growth and repair

• minimal ATP yield (insignificant)

• digested into amino acids

• excess protein is converted to and stored as fats

• contains high energy bonds

What are triglycerides

• a molecule containing three fatty acids

• the stored form of fats

• chemical molecule with high energy bonds used in max intensity exercise

• a molecule containing adenosine and three phosphate molecules

What is the main fuel source for the bodies energy when at rest

• Carbohydrates (aerobic)

• Fats

• Protein

• Carbohydrates (anaerobic)