Research Methodology Basics

What is the purpose of sampling methods in research?

• Sampling methods aim to make the research process more complicated

• The purpose of sampling methods in research is to select a representative sample from a larger population for study.

• The purpose of sampling methods is to ensure bias in the study

• Sampling methods are used to exclude certain groups from the study

Answer explanation

The purpose of sampling methods in research is to select a representative sample from a larger population for study.

Explain the difference between random sampling and stratified sampling.

• Random sampling selects individuals randomly from the entire population, while stratified sampling divides the population into subgroups based on certain characteristics.

• Random sampling involves selecting individuals based on their characteristics, while stratified sampling selects individuals randomly.

• Random sampling selects individuals randomly from subgroups, while stratified sampling selects individuals randomly from the entire population.

• Random sampling divides the population into subgroups based on certain characteristics, while stratified sampling selects individuals randomly.

Answer explanation

Random sampling selects individuals randomly from the entire population, while stratified sampling divides the population into subgroups based on certain characteristics.

Why is experimental design important in research studies?

• Experimental design does not impact the validity of research findings

• Experimental design only adds unnecessary complexity to research studies

• Experimental design is not important in research studies

• Experimental design is crucial for controlling variables, minimizing bias, and enabling causal inferences in research studies.

Answer explanation

Experimental design is crucial for controlling variables, minimizing bias, and enabling causal inferences in research studies.

Discuss the difference between independent and dependent variables in an experiment.

• Independent variables are manipulated by the experimenter, while dependent variables are the outcome measured.

• Independent variables are the results of the experiment, while dependent variables are the factors manipulated.

• Independent variables are the ones that change during the experiment, while dependent variables remain constant.

• Dependent variables are controlled by the experimenter, while independent variables are the outcomes observed.

Answer explanation

Independent variables are manipulated by the experimenter, while dependent variables are the outcome measured.

What are some common data collection techniques used in research?

• Surveys, interviews, observations, experiments, secondary data analysis

• Focus groups, case studies, literature reviews

Answer explanation

The correct data collection techniques in research include surveys, interviews, observations, experiments, and secondary data analysis.

How is statistical analysis used to interpret research data?

• Statistical analysis is used to summarize and interpret research data by identifying patterns, trends, and relationships within the data.

• Statistical analysis is used to ignore patterns in research data

• Statistical analysis is used to create data without interpretation

• Statistical analysis is used to introduce bias into research data

Answer explanation

Statistical analysis is used to summarize and interpret research data by identifying patterns, trends, and relationships within the data.

Describe the process of coding in qualitative research methods.

• Coding involves summarizing data without categorizing

• The process of coding in qualitative research methods involves categorizing and labeling data to identify themes, patterns, and relationships.

• Coding is not necessary in qualitative research methods

• Coding is only used in quantitative research methods

Answer explanation

The process of coding in qualitative research methods involves categorizing and labeling data to identify themes, patterns, and relationships.

What is the significance of triangulation in qualitative research?

• To limit the scope of the research

• To introduce bias into the findings

• To disregard conflicting data

• To ensure the validity and reliability of research findings by corroborating information from different angles.

Answer explanation

To ensure the validity and reliability of research findings by corroborating information from different angles.

Explain the concept of thematic analysis in qualitative research.

• Thematic analysis is only applicable to quantitative research

• Thematic analysis in qualitative research is the process of identifying, analyzing, and reporting patterns (themes) within data.

• Thematic analysis involves counting the frequency of words in a text

• Thematic analysis focuses on proving causation between variables

Answer explanation

Thematic analysis in qualitative research is the process of identifying, analyzing, and reporting patterns (themes) within data.

Why is it important to establish reliability and validity in research studies?

• Research results do not need to be consistent or accurate

• Reliability and validity are crucial for ensuring accurate, consistent, and trustworthy research results.

• Reliability and validity are not essential in research studies

• Trustworthy research can be conducted without reliability and validity

Answer explanation

Reliability and validity are crucial for ensuring accurate, consistent, and trustworthy research results.