Mendelian Genetics Quiz 2

What is a gene?

• A type of protein
• A unit of heredity
• A cell organelle
• A chromosome

Answer explanation

A gene is a basic unit of heredity that determines specific traits in an organism.

What does homozygous mean?

• Having two different alleles for a trait
• Having two identical alleles for a trait
• Having a single allele for a trait
• Having no alleles for a trait

Answer explanation

Homozygous refers to an individual having two identical alleles, either dominant or recessive.

Which of the following is an example of a recessive trait?

• Purple flowers
• Yellow seeds
• Green seeds
• Tall stems

Answer explanation

In Mendel's experiments, green seeds are a recessive trait, while yellow seeds are dominant.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

What is the purpose of a Punnett square?

• To determine physical characteristics
• To predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring
• To sequence DNA
• To measure genetic mutations

Answer explanation

A Punnett square helps in predicting the possible genotypes and phenotypes resulting from a genetic cross.

In Mendel's experiments, what phenotype did the F1 generation exhibit when crossing a purebred tall plant with a purebred short plant?

• All tall plants
• All short plants
• Half tall, half short plants
• Three-quarters tall, one-quarter short plants

Answer explanation

The F1 generation exhibited only the dominant trait, which is tallness.

What do we call the different forms of a gene?

• Chromosomes
• Loci
• Alleles
• Gametes

Answer explanation

Different forms of a gene are called alleles.

Which genotype represents a heterozygous individual?

• TT
• tt
• Tt
• TTT

Answer explanation

A heterozygous individual has two different alleles for a trait.

What type of organism did Mendel use for his genetic experiments?

• Fruit flies
• Mice
• Pea plants
• Corn plants

Answer explanation

Mendel used garden pea plants for his genetic experiments.

What is a phenotype?

• The genetic makeup of an organism
• The physical appearance of an organism
• The location of a gene on a chromosome
• The type of alleles present

Answer explanation

Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics of an organism.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

What is an example of a dominant trait observed by Mendel?

• White flowers
• Green pods
• Yellow seeds
• Wrinkled seeds

Answer explanation

Yellow seeds are a dominant trait, while green seeds are recessive.