Semiconductor Basics

What is the band gap in a semiconductor?

• Energy difference between the valence band and conduction band

• Energy difference between the p-band and n-band

• Temperature at which the semiconductor operates

• Number of electrons in the semiconductor

Explain the process of doping in semiconductors.

• Doping is a process of increasing the temperature of semiconductors.

• Doping is the removal of impurities from semiconductors.

• Doping in semiconductors is the intentional introduction of impurities into the crystal structure to alter its electrical properties.

• Doping involves adding water to semiconductors.

Describe the working principle of a PN junction.

• The working principle of a PN junction involves the generation of heat when current passes through it.

• The working principle of a PN junction involves the formation of a depletion region and a barrier potential that enables the diode to conduct current in one direction.

• The PN junction works by emitting light when current flows through it.

• In a PN junction, the electrons flow from the P-type material to the N-type material.

How do transistors amplify and switch electronic signals?

• Transistors amplify and switch electronic signals by using mechanical switches to control the flow of current.

• Transistors amplify and switch electronic signals by controlling the flow of current based on the voltage applied to a third terminal.

• Transistors amplify and switch electronic signals by converting sound waves into electrical signals.

• Transistors amplify and switch electronic signals by emitting light pulses to transmit data.

What is the function of diodes in electronic circuits?

• Diodes in electronic circuits primarily function as one-way valves for current flow.

• Diodes regulate voltage in electronic circuits.

• Diodes amplify signals in electronic circuits.

• Diodes store data in electronic circuits.

Explain the concept of integrated circuits and their advantages.

• Integrated circuits are miniaturized electronic circuits that contain multiple interconnected components such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors on a single semiconductor chip. Their advantages include reduced size, lower cost, increased reliability, and improved performance compared to discrete circuits.

• Integrated circuits are outdated technology that is no longer used in modern electronics.

• The advantages of integrated circuits include increased size, higher cost, reduced reliability, and decreased performance compared to discrete circuits.

• Integrated circuits are large electronic circuits that contain only one component on a single semiconductor chip.

What happens to the conductivity of a semiconductor when it is doped with a pentavalent impurity?

• The conductivity of the semiconductor increases.

• The conductivity of the semiconductor decreases.

• The conductivity of the semiconductor becomes negative.

• The conductivity of the semiconductor remains the same.

How does a forward-biased PN junction behave?

• Voltage flows through the junction

• No current flows through the junction

• Current flows through the junction

• The junction becomes an insulator

What are the different types of transistors and their applications?

• Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET)

• Darlington Transistor

• Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT), Field Effect Transistor (FET), Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT)

• Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR)

Why are diodes important in preventing current flow in the reverse direction?

• To increase resistance in the forward direction

• To amplify the current flow in the reverse direction

• To provide a one-way path for current flow

• To generate heat when current flows in the reverse direction