Lecture 3: Nutrition, media and transport

Which of the following is classified as a macronutrient?

• Zinc

• Calcium

• Phosphorus

• Iron

Which of the following is a trace element required by microbes?

• Magnesium

• Cobalt

• Sulfur

• Potassium

What type of transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient?

• Facilitated diffusion

• Osmosis

• Simple diffusion

• Active transport

What is the primary function of micronutrients in microbial cells?

• Energy production

• Cell structure and enzyme function

• Carbon source

• Oxygen transport

Which type of medium provides a minimal amount of nutrition?

• Selective media

• Complex media

• Minimum media

• Rich media

What is the main role of the plasma membrane in cells?

• Energy production

• Genetic material storage

• Barrier and selective permeability

• Protein synthesis

What is the optimal growth temperature for Escherichia coli?

• 28°C

• 37°C

• 45°C

• 90°C

Which type of media is primarily used to isolate specific types of bacteria from a mixed culture?

• Selective media

• Enrichment media

• Differential media

• General-purpose media

Which of the following is a characteristic of chemoheterotrophic organotrophs?

• They do not require any nutrients

• They can only grow in aerobic conditions

• They obtain carbon from organic compounds

• They use sunlight for energy

What is the primary function of agar in culture media?

• pH buffer

• Nutrient source

• Energy source

• Compacting agent