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A trading enterprise in which a number of people invested money and agreed to share liability and profits in proportion to their investment.

• Joint Stock Company

• A Brand

• Carrack

• Mercantilism

The economic system that dominated European commerce and trade from the 1600s to the late 1700s. It was based on the idea that nations would gain a favorable balance of trade by exporting more than they imported, as well as the accumulation of gold and silver

• Capitalism

• Atlantic Slave Trade

• Mercantilism

• Joint Stock Companies

Influential ships of the Age of Exploration included the Portuguese caravel and carracks, the Spanish galleon, and this type of ship made by the Dutch:

• Square

• Fluyt

• Carrack

• Caravel

The Spanish Empire adopted this system to classify all of the Americas' various races and racial combinations, as well as where Spaniards were born.

• Mit'a

• Encomienda

• Casta

• Hacienda

All of the following contributed to European expansion into the New World EXCEPT...

• the development of new navigational technology
• an end to European wars between competing royal families
• the desire for wealth

• the desire to spread Christianity

The city of Constantinople is currently named _________

• Baghdad

• Tehran

• Istanbul

• Turkey

Which of the following developments can be most directly attributed to Portuguese and Spanish state sponsorship of maritime exploration in the late fifteenth century?

• Improvements in European geographic knowledge of Africa and the Indian Ocean

• Improvements in Europeans’ ability to prevent the spread of infectious diseases

• Religious divisions in Europe related to the Protestant Reformation

• The development of theories of natural rights and representative government

How were Europeans first able to travel to other parts of the world in 1450?

• Using knowledge and technology from prior societies

• Creating new types of navigational tools

• Using boats invented by the English

• None of these

What noble was responsible for initiating a series of expeditions along the African coast and outward to the Azores in the 15th century?

• Prince Henry the Navigator

• Hugh Dupuy, Count Marechal

• Cardinal Mazarin, regent of France

• Prince Henry of England

Which conclusion about the Portuguese is be supported by the passage above?

• They manufactured luxury goods that they could sell in China.

• They made great profits transporting goods between Asian countries.

• They primarily wanted to accumulate silk

• They preferred to trade with China rather than Japan.