genetics exam 4

A mother presents with her 8 year old child to establish care. She is concerned because the

child's father died of colon cancer in his forties. She would like her child to be tested for Familial

Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP). She would like to know what her child's lifetime cancer risk is for

developing colon cancer if his screening is positive for FAP. What is the correct answer?

• If positive 25% risk by the age of 45

• If positive 50% risk by the age of 45

• If positive 75% risk by age 45

• If positive 100% risk by age 45

Mutant versions of genes that are normally involved in promoting the cell cycle are known as

hat type of tumor is originated from hematopoietic organs?

Driver mutations provide a growth advantage to a tumor cell. Which type of mutation is

known to accumulate in cancer cells but has no direct contribution to the cancer phenotype?

• alteration mutations

• passenger mutations

• carrier mutations

• indirect mutations

• insignificant mutations

Which of the following factors is typically monitored during the M checkpoint?

• A) cell size

• B) the presence of DNA damage

• C) the completion of DNA replication

• D) attachment of spindle fibers to kinetochores

Which of the following genes is an example of a tumor-suppressor?

• c-myc

• c-kit

• BRCA1

• RAR

Which gene is correctly paired with the normal function of its protein product?

• c-myc; DNA repair

• RB1; binds E2F

• TP53; tyrosine kinase

• c-kit; transcription factor

Which statement best describes an example of a mutation in a tumor-suppressor gene?

• overexpression of a signal transduction molecule that promotes cell growth

• a mutation that places a receptor tyrosine kinase in a continuous "on" state

• a mutation that causes cyclins to be expressed at all times

• a mutation that makes a cell unable to undergo programmed cell death

The following events occur when p53 regulates the cell cycle. Place these events in the

correct sequence.

1) p53 is activated by posttranslational modifications.

2) The cell cycle is arrested, and apoptosis is initiated.

3) p53 regulates the transcription of multiple target genes.

4) DNA damage causes MDM2 to dissociate from p53.

• A) 4, 1, 3, 2

• B) 4, 3, 1, 2

• C) 3, 4, 2, 1

• D) 2, 1, 4, 3

Mutation in which gene is the first step in the development of colorectal cancer?

• APC

• KRAS

• PI3K

• TGF-