Earth Science Final ESP

Based on the information from these two pie charts, which statement describes a change that occurred in the way California produced electricity between 2005 and 2015?

• A. There was an increase in the use of coal.

• B. There was an increase in the use of solar energy.

• C. There was a decrease in the use of biomass.

• D. There was a decrease in the use of wind energy.

Which statement describes the availability of water for growing vegetables and for the plants and animals in the environment?

• Water flow occurs only in the summer months.

• Water flow decreases in the summer and increases in the fall.

• Water flow steadily increases throughout the year.

• Water flow increases in the spring and decreases in the fall.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

How does recycling plastic bags into composite lumber MOST LIKELY benefit ecosystems?

• Recycling reduces the use of plastic bags

• Recycling reduces direct harm to organisms

• Recycling reduces mining and drilling for fossil fuels.

• Recycling reduces carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS1-3

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Fossil fuels that are used to make plastic bags are collected through either mining or drilling. Mining involves digging or scraping to expose and excavate natural resources. Drilling reaches resources which are deep within the ground and allows those resources to flow to the surface. Both methods result in disruptions to the local habitat and emit large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere. Based on this information, which statement BEST identifies one advantage and one disadvantage of the "It's in the Bag" program?

• The program reduces carbon emissions released during mining and drilling. However, animals would be negatively affected by the increased number of plastic bags polluting their habitats.

• The program eliminates the need for fossil fuels by reusing plastic. However, the environment is negatively affected by habitat destruction since the program harvests composite lumber from natural areas.

• The program eliminates the need to mine resources since composite lumber is made from recycled bags. However, animals would be negatively affected by the decreased number of trees in their habitats.

• The program reduces the need for harvesting lumber by replacing wood with composite lumber. However, the environment is negatively affected by habitat destruction since the program uses products made from fossil fuels.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-3

What are TWO limitations of the climate models described in the passage?

• The level of carbon dioxide emissions in the future is unknown.

• The use of fossil fuels is not factored into the models.

• The amount of sunlight is not considered in the models.

• The use of alternative energy sources may influence the models.

• The models are based only on data from the United States.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

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The graph for past and projected sea level rise shows a large projected range for the year 2100. Which of the following conclusions can BEST be drawn from the graph?

• Scientists do not know how fast the ice in the glaciers and ice caps will melt.

• Scientists do not know how sea level will be measured in the future

• Scientists do not know how the oceans will respond to fresh water from the glaciers and ice caps

• Scientists do not know how much ice is in the glaciers and ice caps.

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NGSS.HS-ESS3-5

Which family practice will decrease the need for water to be brought in from outside resources?

• practicing good hygiene with regular showers

• collecting and using non-potable water regularly

• doing laundry at home rather than at a laundromat

• planting a garden with fresh vegetables that contain water

After some natural disasters, people are forced to leave the area and relocate to a new area. Why were the people of Haiti less likely to relocate as a result of the 2010 earthquake?

• Haiti was able to rebuild without relocating people because necessary technologies were not lost.

• The earthquake was not strong enough to require people to relocate.

• The earthquake only caused deaths directly and not from conditions that developed after the event.

• Haiti is an island nation, so it is not easy to leave the area after an earthquake.

What occurs when used engine oil is poured into the pit in the ground?

• The oil seeps through the soil but stops before it reaches the groundwater due to the difference in densities.

• The oil seeps through the soil until it leaks into, and mixes with, the groundwater.

• The oil creates a membrane barrier between the water table and the groundwater.

• The oil remains sealed in the small disposal pit and does not affect the groundwater.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

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Which claim is correct based on the information in the passage?

• Earthquakes only impact people immediately after they occur.

• Long-term negative effects of an earthquake do not impact population size.

• Natural hazards can significantly alter the size of human populations in an area.

• Natural hazards do not affect the availability of natural resources.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2