DNA Gene Expression and Mutations

What is the relationship between a protein, the cell, and DNA?

• DNA is produced by protein which is produced in the cell
• Protein is composed of DNA which is produced in the cell
• DNA controls the production of protein in the cell
• A cell is composed of DNA and protein

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A mutation that does NOT alter the protein production is called a 

• deletion mutation
• inversion mutation
• silent mutation
• transverse mutation

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DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTATCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

• Deletion
• Substitution
• Insertion
• Inversion

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In eukaryotes, proteins that help the RNA polymerase bind to the promoter for transcription

• transcription factors
• topoisomerase
• regulatory genes
• activators

How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform completely different?

• The two different cells become mutated
• The proteins expressed in each cell are different
• They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.
• The genome of the different cells changes

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The process by which a cell becomes specialized for a specific structure or function.

• cell multiplication
• cell division
• mitosis
• cell differentiation

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A chemical modification of DNA that does not affect the nucleotide sequence of a gene but makes that gene less likely to be expressed.

• methylation
• acetylation
• alternative splicing
• snRPs

During DNA methylation

• mRNA molecules are prohibited from being translated
• a methyl cap is added to the 5' end to prevent DNA degredation
• transcription factor proteins recruit RNA polymerase initiating transcription
• chromatin becomes more tightly packed

The diefinition of a mutation is...

• a change in a DNA sequence

• A change in mRNA

• A change in amino acid sequence

• Wolverine

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A segment of DNA has base sequence GAC GAC CGC AAA ACA AGC. Due to deletion, the first base G is deleted. The likely effect of this on the coding of DNA segment is that

• the first amino acid will be different and all other will be like the original polypeptide.

• there will be no change in the polypeptide chain.

• the whole sequence of amino acids will be changed.

• the polypeptide chain will be two amino acids shorter

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