MAAP Biology Review

What is the main function of chloroplast?

• Mitosis

• Meiosis

• Translation

• Photosynthesis

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Which statement best explains how sweating during exercise maintains homeostasis?

• It regulates mineral concentrations in cells.

• It regulates body temperature.

• It maintains water balance.

• It maintains sugar balance in cells.

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Which best explains why the rate of a biochemical reaction decreases at high temperatures?

• The activation energy increases.

• The shape of the enzyme changes.

• The enzyme-substrate complex forms.

• The bonds between substrates are broken.

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What do both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain?

• membrane-bound organelles

• linear chromosomes

• cytoplasm

• a nucleus

Which molecules are joined together to make proteins?

• fatty acids

• nucleic acids

• amino acids

• acetic acids

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Leaves are part of a plant’s shoot system. The xylem tissue in leaves transports —

• the bacteria needed for nitrogen fixation in root nodules

• the wax required to coat the surface of actively growing tissue

•  the water and minerals that are absorbed by the roots

• the oxygen that regulates the rate of carbohydrate production

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Enzymes are proteins that help increase the rate of chemical reactions inside cells. These proteins are composed of many simpler molecules called amino acids. Which of the following suggests that the shape of an enzyme determines the enzyme’s function?

• Enzymes are specific to a substrate

•  Enzymes can operate in a wide range of conditions.

• Enzymes are activated by neighboring molecules.

• Enzymes can be found in all life-forms.

Which of the following biomolecules carries genetic information?

• Lipids

• Carbohydrates

• Nucleic Acids

• Proteins

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Hypotonic solutions

• make cells shrink

• make cells swell

Osmosis is the ______

• when the smell of the neighbors trash moves through the neighborhood

• smell of cookies moving through the kitchen

• movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane

• movement of gases across a room

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