Thermal Dynamics

A kettle uses 100J of electrical energy to produce 7J of sound energy and 93J of thermal energy. How efficient is the kettle?

• 100%

• 7%

• 93%

• 95%

What type of device might this Sankey be about?

• very efficient LED light bulb

• very inefficient incandescent light bulb

• coal power plant

• wind turbine

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NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

• 100%

• 80%

• 40%

• 10%

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Thermodynamics is the study of heat and related forms of energy (thermal energy, temperature, kinetic energy...). The "dynamics" comes from the Greek "dynamos" and means power. The first part comes from the Greek word "Thermos". What does it mean?

• Kinetic energy

• Heat

• Gravity

• Potential energy

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What is heat? Mark the correct option.

• Molecular average kinetic energy

• Molecular thermal energy

• Molecular kinetic energy of only one molecule

• Transfer of molecular thermal energy because of a difference in temperature.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A thermometer is an instrument that measures:

• Pressure

• Temperature

• Potential energy

• Kinetic energy

What is the term for the change of state from a gas to a liquid?

• Freezing

• Melting

• Condensation

• Evaporation

Tags

DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

What is the process by which water vapor changes back into liquid water?

• Evaporation

• Condensation

• Precipitation

• Sublimation

Tags

DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

What is the First Law of Thermodynamics?

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.

• The entropy of a system always increases.

• For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

• The total energy of a system is constant.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which of the following is an example of an endothermic process?

• Combustion of gasoline

• Melting of ice

• Condensation of steam

• Freezing of water

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4