4.2 -- CAUSES of EUROPEAN EXPLORATION

What was the primary motivation for European states to sponsor maritime exploration during the period 1450 to 1750?

• To establish colonies for agricultural expansion

• To find alternative trade routes to Asia

• To escape the effects of the Black Death

• To explore new scientific discoveries

Which European country was the first to engage in sea-based exploration, and who was a key figure in this effort?

• Spain, Christopher Columbus

• England, Sir Walter Raleigh

• Portugal, Prince Henry the Navigator

• France, Samuel de Champlain

What technological advancements did Portugal develop or adopt to aid in their maritime exploration?

• The steam engine and the telegraph

• The compass and the caravel

• The printing press and the astrolabe

• The sextant and the galleon

What was the primary economic motivation for Prince Henry the Navigator's sponsorship of exploration?

• The search for new lands to colonize

• The desire to find gold in the trans-Saharan trade

• The need to establish a spice monopoly

• The quest to find Prester John

Which European explorer is credited with discovering the Americas for Spain in 1492?

• Vasco da Gama

• Ferdinand Magellan

• Christopher Columbus

• Henry Hudson

What was the primary reason for the establishment of trading posts by the Portuguese around Africa and the Indian Ocean?

• To create large agricultural colonies

• To facilitate trade and control key maritime routes

• To spread Christianity exclusively

• To establish military bases

Which European country established the colony of Quebec in 1608, and who was the explorer responsible for this?

• England, Sir Walter Raleigh

• France, Samuel de Champlain

• Spain, Ferdinand Magellan

• Portugal, Vasco da Gama

What was the main reason for England's delayed entry into maritime exploration?

• Lack of technological advancements

• Ongoing wars with France

• A booming textile industry that provided significant wealth

• Religious conflicts within the country

Which European country eventually dethroned the Portuguese as the dominant power in the Indian Ocean trade?

• Spain

• England

• France

• The Netherlands (Dutch)

What was the primary religious motivation for European exploration during this period?

• To establish religious freedom in new lands

• To spread Christianity and find Prester John

• To convert Muslims to Christianity

• To escape religious persecution in Europe