Understanding of ESP

Below are the main reasons of the emergence of ESP, EXCEPT

• The demands of a brave new world

• Focus on learners

• Interactive teaching

• A revolution in linguistics

What are the two forces which dominated the expansion in the world unified

• Technology and language

• Technology and commerce

• Technology and teaching

• Technology and development

What created a need for cost-effective courses with clearly defined goals?

• Time constraint

• Money constraint

• Time and money constraints

• Facilities constraints

What was the traditional aim of linguistics?

• To describe the rule of English usage

• To have a practical English use

• To describe the appropriate spoken language

• To focus on specific vocabulary or register

What does EST stand for?

• English for social and technology

• English for science and technology

• English for social and traditional

• English for science and traditional

in ESP, who were seen to have different needs and interests?

• Teachers

• Teachers and learners

• Administrators

• Learners