SHS Geosphere Pt. 2 Vocabulary

Marine won minerals

• minerals mined at sea

• minerals found in freshwater

• minerals extracted from the earth's crust

• minerals used in construction

Terracing

• Stair step planting to prevent water runoff

• Planting crops in rows to maximize sunlight exposure

• Using raised beds to improve drainage

• Creating ponds to collect rainwater

Mineral Streak

• color of the powder scraped off a mineral when it is rubbed against a hard, rough surface

• the natural color of the mineral itself

• the color of the mineral when wet

• the color of the mineral in sunlight

Mohs Scale

• Scale of Hardness 1 is the softest mineral (talc) and 10 is the hardest mineral (diamond).

• Scale of Hardness 1 is the hardest mineral (diamond) and 10 is the softest mineral (talc).

• Scale of Hardness 5 is the softest mineral (talc) and 10 is the hardest mineral (diamond).

• Scale of Hardness 1 is the softest mineral (quartz) and 10 is the hardest mineral (ruby).

Compaction

• Removal or compression of spaces in the soil for roots & water

• Adding organic matter to improve soil structure

• Increasing the volume of soil by adding more layers

• Creating air pockets in the soil for better drainage

Plate Tectonics

• The theory of earth's plates moving

• The study of ocean currents

• The process of weathering rocks

• The formation of mountains through erosion

Mineral Hardness

• ability of a mineral to resist scratching

• the color of a mineral

• the weight of a mineral

• the luster of a mineral

Chemical Weathering

• A process that physically breaks rocks apart

• A chemical reaction that breaks rock down

• A method of transporting sediments

• A type of erosion caused by wind

Soil Profile

• A cross section of a soil

• A type of soil found in deserts

• A layer of soil rich in nutrients

• A method of soil conservation

Crop Rotation

• planting different crops in one field each year

• planting the same crop in one field every year

• using chemical fertilizers to enhance crop yield

• growing crops in greenhouses to protect them from pests