Year 10 Science- Semester 1- Exam revision- Genetics

State what the initials DNA represent.

• Deoxyribonucleic Acid

• Dioxyribonucleic Acid

• Deoxyribonuclear Acid

• Dioxyribonuclear Acid

Name the parts that are the building blocks of a DNA molecule.

• Nucleotides

• Amino acids

• Fatty acids

• Monosaccharides

Recall what the letters A, T, C and G represent in the context of DNA.

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

• Amino, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Glycine

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guar

In the DNA molecule, what makes the 'rungs' of the ladder?

• Deoxyribose sugars

• Nitrogenous bases

• Phosphate groups

• Amino acids

Explain why the DNA molecule is compared with a twisted ladder.

• Because the rungs of the ladder represent the base pairs of nucleotides.

• Because it is a straight chain of nucleotides without any twists.

• Because the sides of the ladder are made of proteins.

• Because it is a flat structure without any helical shape.

Describe where DNA is found in an organism.

• In the nucleus of cells

• In the cytoplasm of cells

• In the cell membrane

• In the mitochondria of cells

Describe the relationship between DNA, chromosomes and genes in words or in pictures.

• DNA is a type of chromosome that contains genes.

• Chromosomes are made up of proteins and do not contain DNA.

• Genes are segments of DNA that are found on chromosomes.

• Chromosomes are unrelated to DNA and genes.

Explain what is meant by complementary base pairing.

• Complementary base pairing refers to the specific pairing of adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine in DNA.

• Complementary base pairing is the random pairing of any two nucleotides in DNA.

• Complementary base pairing means that all bases in DNA are identical to each other.

• Complementary base pairing is the process of DNA replication without any specific pairing rules.

9 Explain what characteristic of DNA creates the genetic code.

• The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines the genetic code.

• The shape of the DNA molecule creates the genetic code.

• The number of chromosomes in an organism defines the genetic code.

• The presence of RNA in cells is responsible for the genetic code.

Identify the mistakes in the following sections of DNA.

• The tenth base pair is TC and should be TA or GC.

• The seventh base pair is GG and should be GC or CG.

• Mistakes in DNA replication

• The fifth base pair is AA and should be AT and the eleventh base pair is AC

  and should be AT or GC.