POGIL: Three Types Of PE (7th)

Click the word or phrase that describes the relationship between distance and potential energy in each system. (Yes, you will choose one word or phrase for each one for a total of 3 answers in this question)

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Click the juggling ball that has the greatest amount of potential energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

A person riding a bicycle down a hill does not have to keep pedaling to move. Which statement best explains why the person does not have to pedal when moving downhill?

• Magnetic force pulls the bicycle downhill.

• Gravitational force pulls the bicycle downhill.

• Stored energy in the bicycle’s chain pushes the bicycle downhill.

• Stored energy in the bicycle’s wheels pushes the bicycle downhill.

Answer explanation

Gravitational force pulls the bicycle downhill is the correct answer because gravity tries to pull things to the center of the Earth. The ground, however, gets in the way. Therefore, when the ground is sloped, like on the sides of a hill, the bike is being pulled at by gravity so it can get closer to the center of the Earth by rolling to the bottom of the hill.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

A spring is stretched and then released as shown in the diagram. Which statement accurately describes changes in its potential or kinetic energy during this process?

• Its potential energy decreases throughout the entire process.

• Its potential energy is constant throughout the entire process.

• Its potential energy decreases until step Y, and then the potential energy increases.

• Its potential energy increases until step Y, and then decreases.

Answer explanation

Elastic potential energy increases as the spring expands (through step Y), but decreases when the spring is released.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which statement best describes the relationship between the length of a metal spring and its potential energy, as shown in the graph?

• Increased potential energy in the spring forces it to extend.

• Increased potential energy in the spring forces it to contract.

• As the length of the spring increases, its potential energy increases.

• As the length of the spring increases, its potential energy decreases.

Answer explanation

According to the graph, increased spring length resulted in increased potential energy.

As a spring is stretched, its elastic potential energy

• decreases

• increases

• remains the same

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

Three people of equal mass climb a mountain using paths A, B, and C shown in the diagram.

Along which path(s) does a person gain the greatest amount of gravitational potential energy?

• A, only

• B, only

• C, only

• The gain is the same along all paths.

Answer explanation

A change in potential energy, ΔPE, is dependent on the mass of the object and the change in its height.

Since all three climbers have the same mass, and they all climbed to the same height, they all gained the same amount of gravitational potential energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

In the diagram, a steel paper clip is attached to a string, which is attached to a table. The clip remains suspended beneath a magnet.

As the magnet is lifted the paper clip begins to fall as a result of

• an increase in the potential energy of the clip

• an increase in the gravitational field strength near the magnet

• a decrease in the magnetic properties of the clip

• a decrease in the magnetic field strength near the clip

Answer explanation

The clip begins to fall because the force of gravity is stronger than the magnetic force exerted by the magnet.

As the magnet moves farther away from the clip, the portion of the magnetic field that intercepts the clip decreases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

A box is dragged to the top of an incline, as shown in the diagram.

Compared to the gravitational potential energy of the box at the bottom of the ramp, the gravitational potential energy of the box at the top of the incline

• is less

• is greater

• remains the same

• cannot be determined

Answer explanation

Gravitational potential energy depends on height.

The height of the box at the top of the ramp is greater than its height at the bottom of the ramp. Its gravitational potential energy is greater at the top of the ramp than at the bottom.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Potential energy is

• the energy an object has due to its position

• the energy an object has due to its motion

• the energy an object has when it is brand new

• the energy used to study for a test

Answer explanation

Potential energy is stored energy that an object has due to its position. Potential energy can be changed to other forms of energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-2