Interaction of Heredity & Environment

the principle that the inherited traits enabling an organism to survive and reproduce in a particular environment will (in competition with other trait variations) most likely be passed on to succeeding generations.

• Natural selection
• Environmental adaptation
• Genetic drift
• Mutation theory

the study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection.

• evolutionary psychology
• social psychology
• cognitive psychology
• behavioral economics

the study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior.

• neurobiology
• behavioral genetics
• sociobiology
• psychology

a random error in gene replication that leads to a change.

• replication
• translation
• transcription
• mutation

every nongenetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to our experiences of the people and things around us.

• Heredity

• Nurture

• Environment

• Nucleus

the genetic transfer of characteristics from parents to offspring.

• Mutation
• Heredity
• Evolution
• Adaptation

the biochemical units of heredity.

• Chromosomes
• Proteins
• Genes
• Nucleotides

the complete instructions for making an organism within DNA.

• RNA
• Carbohydrates
• Genome

• Proteins

individuals who developed from a single fertilized egg that split in two, creating two genetically identical organisms.

• Fraternal twins
• Clone organisms
• Identical (monozygotic) twins

• Siblings from different eggs

individuals who developed from separate fertilized eggs. They are genetically no closer than ordinary siblings, but they share a prenatal environment.

• Fraternal (dizygotic) twins

• Cousins
• Half-siblings
• Monozygotic twins