Social Change and Its Factors

In a village, the government introduces a solar irrigation system to help farmers during dry seasons. Within a few years, farm productivity rises, incomes improve, and migration to cities decreases. Which factor of social change is best illustrated here?

• Biological

• Physical

• Technological

• Religious

After a major flood, a district administration builds model villages with better housing, drainage, and early warning systems. This is an example of social change caused by:

• Biological factor

• Physical (Geographical) factor

• Cultural factor

• Economic factor

The increasing number of working women in rural areas has changed family decision-making and attitudes toward gender equality. This change is mainly related to:

• Biological factor

• Technological factor

• Cultural and economic factors

• Religious factor

A community starts self-help groups (SHGs) to provide small loans and mutual support among women. This is an example of:

• Technological invention

• Social invention

• Physical adaptation

• Economic determination

The government introduces a digital land record system, reducing corruption and speeding up services. Which theory of social change fits this situation best?

• Theory of Deterioration

• Cyclic Theory

• Stage Theory (Linear Progress)

• Religious Determinism

Older generations say, 'People were more honest and respectful before; now society has lost its values.' Which theory of social change do they reflect?

• Stage Theory

• Theory of Deterioration

• Cyclic Theory

• Deterministic Theory

A rural youth club starts using social media to spread awareness about organic farming. Which cause of social change does this represent?

• Religious

• Economic

• Technological

• Biological

Due to population pressure, a village converts paddy fields into housing areas. This shows the influence of which factor of social change?

• Biological

• Physical

• Political

• Religious

A society moves from depending on myths and supernatural explanations to scientific reasoning. Which of Comte’s stages does this describe?

• Theological

• Metaphysical

• Positive

• Cyclic

After the pandemic, schools adopt online classes and parents become more open to technology in education. This reflects:

• Social invention

• Religious change

• Physical change

• Economic determinism