RNA and protein synthesis

What is translation in protein synthesis?

• The process of copying DNA into RNA

• The decoding of an mRNA message into a protein

• The replication of RNA molecules

• The breakdown of proteins into amino acids

Where does translation occur in the cell?

• Nucleus

• Golgi apparatus

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleolus

What does the ribosome use to assemble amino acids into polypeptides?

• The sequence of anticodons

• The sequence of codons in mRNA

• The tRNA molecules only

• DNA templates

What is the role of tRNA during translation?

• It carries the genetic code from DNA

• It brings amino acids to the ribosome

• It forms the ribosome itself

• It stores energy for protein synthesis

How many kinds of amino acid does each tRNA carry?

• None

• One

• Two

• Three

What are the three unpaired bases on a tRNA molecule called?

• Codon

• Triplet

• Anticodon

• Peptide

What is the start codon for translation?

• UGA

• AUG

• UAA

• UAG

Which amino acid does the start codon AUG code for?

• Phenylalanine

• Lysine

• Methionine

• Glycine

When does translation end?

• When the mRNA detaches from the DNA

• When a stop codon is reached

• When tRNA is used up

• When the ribosome reaches the start codon

What happens to the mRNA and the completed polypeptide after translation?

• They both remain attached to the ribosome

• They are released from the ribosome

• They are destroyed immediately

• They both return to the nucleus