Manifest Destiny and Territorial Expansion

Plan to limit western settlement beyond the Mississippi

Movement to return territories to European empires

Policy to avoid continental involvement and foreign wars

Belief the U.S. was destined to expand nationwide

Goal to replace railroads with canals across states

Access to land and natural resources like gold

Desire to reduce federal land ownership nationwide

Need to end agricultural production in the South

Gadsden Purchase from Mexico in 1853

Oregon Treaty with Britain in 1846

Annexation of Texas from Mexico in 1845

Louisiana Purchase from France in 1803

France regained control of New Orleans

U.S. gained the Mexican Cession territories

Britain annexed parts of the Northwest

Texas returned to independent republic status

Homestead Act of 1862 offered 160 acres

Kansas–Nebraska Act allowed popular sovereignty

Missouri Compromise limited slavery’s expansion

Dawes Act reorganized Native land allotments

Construction of a transcontinental railroad

Ban on interstate tariffs for rail freight

Creation of federal land banks nationwide

Purchase of northern railroads by the U.S.

John Adams

George Washington

James Madison

Thomas Jefferson

Stopped trading with Britain and France

Blocked only French naval vessels

Raised tariffs on imported goods

Banned trade with all European nations

suffered significant distress domestically

rapidly expanded manufacturing

grew due to new markets

avoided any impact on shipping

establish a national bank

appoint state tax collectors

declare war on Britain

abolish import duties