The Role of Lichen in Ecosystems

What type of environments do lichens inhabit?

• Tropical rainforests

• Deep ocean floors

• Deserts and arid regions

• Rocks, plants, and soil worldwide

What is the primary role of algae in the lichen symbiosis?

• Temperature regulation

• Nitrogen fixation

• Structural support

• Photosynthesis and food provision

Which additional partner might be part of a lichen symbiosis?

• Moss

• Protozoa

• Cyanobacteria

• Yeast

What role do cyanobacteria play in lichens?

• They are responsible for water absorption.

• They provide structural support.

• They protect lichens from predators.

• They fix nitrogen from the atmosphere.

How do lichens contribute to the formation of soil?

• Through chemical weathering of rocks

• By decomposing organic matter

• By increasing soil pH

• By aerating the soil

What is a key ecological role of lichens in ecosystems?

• Controlling insect populations

• Pollination of plants

• Seed dispersal

• Providing habitat and food

Which statement best describes the mutualism in lichen symbiosis?

• Both partners benefit from the relationship.

• The cyanobacteria harms the algae.

• The algae consumes the fungus for nutrients.

• The fungus enslaves the algae for food.

Why are lichens considered pioneer species?

• They reproduce quickly.

• They are the first to colonize barren environments.

• They grow faster than most plants.

• They can survive extreme temperatures.

What is the significance of lichens in nutrient cycling?

• They increase soil organic matter.

• They make atmospheric nitrogen available to plants.

• They break down animal waste.

• They convert sunlight into chemical energy.

How do lichens act as environmental monitors?

• By changing colors with temperature changes

• Through growth patterns related to sunlight exposure

• By indicating air quality through species sensitivity

• By emitting scents detectable by specialized equipment