Covalent and Ionic Bonds Explained Through Atomic Interactions

The video tutorial explains the concept of covalent bonds, contrasting them with ionic bonds. It uses oxygen atoms to illustrate how covalent bonds involve sharing electrons to achieve stability. The tutorial further explores polar covalent bonds using water as an example, highlighting the role of electronegativity in creating partial charges within molecules.

What happens to the charges of atoms involved in an ionic bond?

• The charges of the atoms remain unchanged.

• One atom becomes positively charged, and the other becomes negatively charged.

• Both atoms become negatively charged.

• Both atoms become positively charged.

In a covalent bond, how do atoms achieve stability?

• By gaining electrons from the environment.

• By transferring electrons to each other.

• By sharing electrons with each other.

• By losing electrons to the environment.

How many valence electrons does a neutral oxygen atom have?

• Four

• Ten

• Eight

• Six

What is the representation of shared electrons in a covalent bond?

• A wavy line

• A dotted line

• A single line

• A double line

What type of bond is formed between oxygen and hydrogen in water?

• Ionic bond

• Metallic bond

• Non-polar covalent bond

• Polar covalent bond

Why does oxygen have a partial negative charge in a water molecule?

• Because it loses electrons to hydrogen.

• Because it shares electrons equally with hydrogen.

• Because it is more electronegative than hydrogen.

• Because it is less electronegative than hydrogen.

What symbol is used to denote partial charges in chemistry?

• Delta

• Gamma

• Beta

• Alpha

What is the main characteristic of a polar covalent bond?

• Complete transfer of electrons

• Unequal sharing of electrons

• Equal sharing of electrons

• No sharing of electrons

Which of the following is true about the electrons in a polar covalent bond?

• They are not shared at all.

• They spend equal time around both atoms.

• They spend more time around the less electronegative atom.

• They spend more time around the more electronegative atom.

What causes the partial positive charge on hydrogen in a water molecule?

• Hydrogen is less electronegative than oxygen.

• Hydrogen loses electrons to oxygen.

• Hydrogen shares electrons equally with oxygen.

• Hydrogen is more electronegative than oxygen.