Persian Wars Naval and Land Battles

The Persian Wars, lasting from 490 BCE to 479 BCE, were fought between Greece and Persia. Initially led by Darius I, the Persians were defeated at the Battle of Marathon. After Darius's death, his son Xerxes continued the war, famously clashing with King Leonidas and his 300 Spartans at the Battle of Thermopylae. Despite being outnumbered, the Spartans held off the Persians for several days. The Persian army weakened further after the Battle of Salamis, where the Greek navy destroyed a crucial supply line, forcing the Persians to retreat and securing victory for the Greek city-states.

Who led the Persian forces during the initial phase of the Persian Wars?

• Xerxes

• Leonidas

• Darius I

• Alexander the Great

What was the outcome of the Battle of Marathon?

• Persian victory

• Greek victory

• Stalemate

• Persian retreat

Who was the Spartan king who fought at the Battle of Thermopylae?

• Xerxes

• Themistocles

• Darius I

• Leonidas

Approximately how many additional Greek warriors fought alongside the 300 Spartans at Thermopylae?

• 500

• 1,000

• 2,000

• 3,000

Which battle was a significant naval engagement during the Persian Wars?

• Battle of Plataea

• Battle of Thermopylae

• Battle of Marathon

• Battle of Salamis

What was the result of the Battle of Salamis for the Persian forces?

• They maintained their naval dominance

• They captured Athens

• Their supply lines were destroyed

• They secured a decisive victory