Energy Expenditure and Metabolism Concepts

What are the three main ways energy is expended in the body?

• Resting metabolic rate, thermic effect of food, and thermic effect of activity

• Exercise, sleep, and digestion

• Breathing, walking, and thinking

• Eating, drinking, and sleeping

How does having more lean body mass affect resting metabolic rate?

• It increases the resting metabolic rate

• It only affects the thermic effect of food

• It has no effect on the resting metabolic rate

• It decreases the resting metabolic rate

What percentage of energy expenditure is typically accounted for by the thermic effect of food?

• 20-30%

• 5-10%

• 10-15%

• 15-20%

Which of the following activities can influence the thermic effect of activity?

• Breathing

• Sleeping

• Brushing your teeth

• Digesting food

What is the consequence of an energy imbalance of just 20 kilocalories per day?

• A decrease in weight by 4.4 kg over five years

• An increase in weight by 0.9 kg per year

• A decrease in weight by 0.9 kg per year

• No significant change in weight

Why is it important to balance energy intake and expenditure?

• To prevent weight loss

• To increase muscle mass

• To maintain a healthy weight

• To decrease metabolic rate

As people age, what typically happens to their basal metabolic rate?

• It fluctuates randomly

• It decreases

• It remains the same

• It increases

What is 'creeping obesity'?

• A decrease in body fat due to aging

• A gradual increase in body fat over time

• A sudden increase in body weight

• A temporary weight gain during holidays

How does the environment contribute to energy imbalance?

• By reducing the need for energy expenditure

• By increasing the resting metabolic rate

• By providing more opportunities for physical activity

• By influencing dietary habits and physical activity levels

What happens to physical activity levels as people age?

• They decrease

• They remain constant

• They fluctuate

• They increase