Australia's Geography and Economy Overview

Australia, an island nation, was once a UK colony and moved towards independence in 1901. It includes the mainland, Tasmania, and over 8,000 islands. The Outback, a desert area, holds significant iron and coal reserves, crucial for the economy. The Melbourne-Sydney-Brisbane corridor is densely populated, while the Murray Darling Basin is key for agriculture. Australia's main challenge is its isolation, relying on shipping lanes for economic security. It has formed alliances with maritime powers like the UK and US, while balancing ties with Asia, especially China, its largest trading partner.

What ocean basins does Australia straddle?

• Arctic and Indian

• Indian and South Pacific

• Atlantic and Pacific

• Pacific and Arctic

What is the primary characteristic of Australia's Outback?

• Mountainous terrain

• Mostly desert

• Lush forests

• Densely populated

What is a key driver of future economic growth in Australia?

• Technology

• Agriculture

• Mining

• Tourism

Which area forms the population core of Australia?

• Western Australia

• Northern Territory

• Melbourne-Sydney-Brisbane Corridor

• Tasmania

What is the significance of the Murray-Darling Basin?

• It is a major mining area

• It is Australia's agricultural heartland

• It is the most urbanized region

• It is a popular tourist destination

What is a major geographic challenge for Australia?

• Lack of natural resources

• Isolation and small population

• Overpopulation

• Frequent earthquakes

Why does Australia rely heavily on shipping lanes?

• To support its tourism industry

• For its Economic Security

• To import fresh water

• For military operations

Which country is Australia's largest trading partner?

• United Kingdom

• India

• United States

• China

How has Australia managed its isolation in terms of foreign policy?

• By reducing its reliance on trade

• By expanding its land borders

• By focusing on self-sufficiency

• By building alliances with global maritime powers