Genetic Disorders and Chromosomal Functions

Mr. Miller introduces the role of genes in protein synthesis and how they determine traits. He provides examples such as the gene on chromosome 9 for type A blood, the insulin gene on chromosome 11 linked to diabetes, and the hemoglobin gene related to sickle cell anemia. The lesson also covers the blue people of Troublesome Creek, highlighting the gene for diaphorase enzyme on chromosome 22 and its connection to methemoglobinemia. The key takeaway is that genes carry instructions for proteins, which in turn determine traits.

What is the primary function of genes in our body?

• To fight infections

• To transport oxygen

• To store energy

• To carry instructions for making proteins

Which chromosome contains the gene that determines blood type A?

• Chromosome 9

• Chromosome 22

• Chromosome 1

• Chromosome 11

What protein is coded by a gene on chromosome 9 that affects blood type?

• Diaphorase

• Hemoglobin

• Insulin

• Type A protein

What happens if the insulin gene on chromosome 11 is damaged?

• Blood type changes

• Diabetes type one occurs

• Oxygen transport improves

• Skin turns blue

What is the role of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

• To carry oxygen

• To fight infections

• To store energy

• To produce insulin

What condition is caused by a mutated hemoglobin gene?

• Type A blood

• Methemoglobinemia

• Diabetes

• Sickle cell anemia

What is the main issue with the hemoglobin in sickle cell anemia?

• It does not carry oxygen well

• It causes skin to turn blue

• It changes blood type

• It increases insulin production

Which chromosome is associated with the blue people of Troublesome Creek?

• Chromosome 1

• Chromosome 11

• Chromosome 9

• Chromosome 22

What enzyme is lacking in the blue people of Troublesome Creek?

• Diaphorase

• Insulin

• Hemoglobin

• Type A protein

What condition results from a deficiency of diaphorase?

• Methemoglobinemia

• Sickle cell anemia

• Diabetes

• Type A blood