RNA Structure and Function Concepts

The video tutorial covers gene expression, focusing on the transcription process from DNA to RNA. It explains the structure and types of RNA, highlighting the differences between RNA and DNA. The tutorial also delves into RNA secondary structures, such as hairpins and stem-loops, and describes the transcription process, including the role of RNA polymerase and the layout of genes. Additionally, it touches on RNA replication in viruses and introduces various types of RNA, including micro RNA and long non-coding RNA.

Which type of RNA contains codons that are instructions for protein synthesis?

• Small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

• Messenger RNA (mRNA)

• Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

• Transfer RNA (tRNA)

What structural feature makes RNA more reactive than DNA?

• Lack of thymine

• Double-stranded structure

• Presence of uracil

• 2' hydroxyl group

Which RNA structure is described as having a 'cruciform shape'?

• tRNA

• snRNA

• rRNA

• mRNA

What is the primary role of mRNA in the cell?

• Transporting amino acids

• Carrying genetic information for protein synthesis

• Catalyzing chemical reactions

• Forming the structure of ribosomes

Which of the following is NOT a type of RNA mentioned in the transcript?

• Zinc finger RNA (zfRNA)

• Small interfering RNA (siRNA)

• Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)

• Micro RNA (miRNA)

What is the 'Christmas tree' structure observed during transcription?

• A structure formed by DNA replication

• A visual representation of active transcription

• A type of RNA secondary structure

• A method of DNA repair

What is the direction of new nucleic acid synthesis?

• 3' to 2'

• 5' to 3'

• 3' to 5'

• 2' to 3'

What is the function of the promoter region in a gene?

• To terminate transcription

• To replicate DNA

• To initiate transcription by binding RNA polymerase

• To encode proteins

What is the role of consensus sequences in promoter regions?

• To increase RNA stability

• To ensure correct RNA folding

• To terminate transcription

• To facilitate RNA polymerase binding

What is the primary difference between the template and non-template strands during transcription?

• Both strands are used equally in transcription

• The template strand is used to synthesize a complementary RNA

• The non-template strand is used to synthesize RNA

• The template strand is not used in transcription